Freebsd桌面初始化
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目录
- 1 用户需知
- 2 freebsd12 on elitebook 问题
- 3 pre-configure
- 4 configure start
- 5 20190808 new add
- 6 applications
- 7 ops
- 8 优化
- 9 Troubleshooting
- 10 see also
用户需知
FreeBSD11 FreeBSD12 今天在家成功安装了freebsd12 并连上wifi freebsd11连不上 现在双硬盘也是成功的 1t 作为了home 昨天的安装好了 再mount硬盘居然是不行的，一开机就死了了，不过现在是GPT加bios 兼容模式 gnome3 to leav xfce is good for use 桌面用户如何？ 家里不用理 带个 freebsd latop 上班就行了 这几天更新firefox 70 失败 用port 居然有很多软件消失了 ，例如 fcitx-qt5 liboffice
如果你读过我的TrueOS 评论并且有兴趣尝试使用桌面 BSD 或已经使用 TrueOS，请不要担心（这对于生活来说也是一个很好的建议）。TrueOS 的所有桌面元素都将剥离到 Project Trident。目前，Project Trident 网站的细节不多。他们仿佛还在进行剥离的幕后工作。
如果你目前拥有 TrueOS，则无需担心迁移。TrueOS 团队表示，“对于那些希望迁移到其他基于 FreeBSD 的发行版，如 Project Trident 或 GhostBSD 的人而言将会有迁移方式。
TW的文档是新式，天朝的太老了
https://www.freebsd.org/doc/zh_TW.UTF-8/books/handbook/index.html
freebsd12 on elitebook 问题
1. 中文输入法老是调不出来 无论是fcitx ibus scim
2. lxqt 界面 会假死，虽然在远程还可以ssh
pre-configure
Pkg源地址更换为USTC：
官方源配置是 /etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf ，请先检查该文件内容。注意其中的 url 参数配置了官方仓库的地址，我们需要把它替换为镜像站的地址。 该配置文件是 FreeBSD 基本系统的一部分，会随着 freebsd-update 更新，请不要直接修改，而是创建 /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/FreeBSD.conf 覆盖配置，文件内容如下：
FreeBSD: {
url: "pkg+http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/freebsd-pkg/${ABI}/quarterly",
}
如果要使用滚动更新的 latest 仓库，把 url 配置最后的 quarterly 换成 latest 即可。 修改配置后，运行 pkg update -f 更新索引。
configure start
0基本系统已安装 没有gui
字体
cd /usr/ports/x11-fonts/wqy make install clean #没有字体 显示中文时为乱码 编辑/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/85-wqy.conf这个文件，找到下面这两行（ 现在不是这二行了 应该在第99、100行）： 查找 compare="less_eq" freebsd12 有5个 <test name="size" compare="less_eq"><int>16</int></test> <edit name="antialias" mode="assign"><bool>false</bool></edit> 把less_eq后面的int值从16改成8即可。这两行的意思是对于所有小于16号的字体都禁用抗锯齿（match居然写的target=”font”，匹配了所有字体），一个最简单的workaround就是把禁用抗锯齿的字号改小一点，8号是个不错的值，因为太小的字用抗锯齿反而会模糊。 这样字体就美美的
https://www.librehat.com/solve-freebsd-dragonflybsd-font-antialiasing-settings-invalid-issues/ https://www.freebsdchina.org/forum/viewtopic.php?p=291166&sid=3b2dad0b46fafdb9a54757d673fef516
xorg GUI 开始
pkg install xorg pkg install xf86-video-intel pkg install xrandr /etc/rc.conf hald_enable="YES" dbus_enable="YES" pkg install gdm # gnome3-lite #gnome3 有点显卡闪屏
slim
pkg install -y slim-themes slim /usr/local/etc/slim.conf #sessiondir /usr/local/share/xsessions # ... current_theme fbsd ls /usr/local/share/slim/themes/ archlinux-simple fbsd gentoo-simple mindlock scotland-road capernoited fingerprint gnewsense parallel-dimensions subway debian-moreblue flat lake rainbow wave default flower2 lunar rear-window zenwalk
usage
单用户环境 要将SLiM配置为加载某个特定的环境，只需编辑~/.xinitrc 如下： #!/bin/sh # # ~/.xinitrc # # Executed by startx (run your window manager from here) # exec [session-command] 将[session-command]替换为适当的会话命令。例如： exec awesome exec dwm exec startfluxbox exec fvwm2 exec gnome-session exec openbox-session exec startkde exec startlxde exec startxfce4 exec enlightenment_start
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/SLiM_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)
https://www.c0ffee.net/blog/freebsd-on-a-laptop/#slim
xfce
pkg install xfce cat .xinitrc . /usr/local/etc/xdg/xfce4/xinitrc #ck-launch-session /usr/local/bin/startlxqt #exec awesome export LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8 export LANGUAGE=zh_CN.UTF-8.UTF-8 export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8.UTF-8 #fcitx & cat /etc/rc.conf hostname="bsdelite.linuxsa.org" #wlans_iwm0="wlan0" #ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" sshd_enable="YES" dbus_enable="YES" hald_enable="YES" # Set dumpdev to "AUTO" to enable crash dumps, "NO" to disable dumpdev="AUTO" ifconfig_em0="DHCP" slim_enable="yes" defaultrouter="192.168.10.1" fcitx wubi 在xfce 是成功的
lxqt
pkg install lxqt # sudo pkg delete lxqt # 输入法不好用 老调不出来 放弃
awesome
pkg install awesome # cp /usr/local/etc/xdg/awesome/rc.lua .config/awesome/ #这个不要，我们后面会操作的 在配置里面 echo "exec awesome" >> .xinitrc chmod +x ~/.xinitrc
时间设置
先用bsdconfig-->network --> 不行再date date 201908122145 2019年 8月12日 星期一 21时45分00秒 CST
xrand
#at elitebook xrandr --output DP2 --same-as eDP1 --mode 1366x768 --output DP2 --mode 1920x1080 #I3只有这个有效果 上面那个 是完全 只有一半 感觉没有了另外一半 哈哈 xrandr --output DP2 --mode 1920x1080 --output eDP1 --off #at 神舟 #xrandr --output HDMI-1 --same-as LVDS-1 --mode 1366x768 --output HDMI-1 --mode 1920x1080 ##kali #on home # if vga on home 24 1920*1080 #xrandr --output VGA-1 --same-as LVDS-1 --mode 1366x768 --output VGA-1 --mode 1920x1080 #if hdmi on home #xrandr --output HDMI-1 --same-as LVDS-1 --mode 1366x768 --output HDMI-1 --mode 1920x1080 #只开启外外接显示器 xrandr --output HDMI-1 --mode 1920x1080 --output LVDS-1 --off #HDMI-1 connected 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 527mm x 296mm #xrandr --output HDMI-1 --same-as --mode 1366x768 --output HDMI-1 --mode 1920x1080+0+0 # on work #xrandr --output VGA1 --same-as LVDS1 --mode 1920x1080 --output LVDS1 --mode 1366x768
wifi
首先 安装freebsd12 时，就选择wifi连接网络，不要插网线
Add an entry for this network to /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf. If the file does not exist, create it.
network={
ssid="myssid"
psk="mypsk"
}
Add entries to /etc/rc.conf to configure the network on startup:
wlans_ath0="wlan0"
ifconfig_wlan0="WPA SYNCDHCP"
Restart the computer, or restart the network service to connect to the network:
# service netif restar
https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/network-wireless.html
显示器 之亮度 及双显示器
#我的 root@bsd-latop:~ # sudo kldload acpi_video; sudo sysctl hw.acpi.video.crt0.brightness=30 hw.acpi.video.crt0.brightness: 80 -> 30 查看 sysctl hw.acpi.video hw.acpi.video.out2.active: 1 hw.acpi.video.out1.active: 1 hw.acpi.video.out0.active: 1 hw.acpi.video.ext2.active: 1 hw.acpi.video.ext1.active: 1 hw.acpi.video.ext0.active: 1 hw.acpi.video.lcd0.active: 1 hw.acpi.video.crt0.levels: 80 50 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 69 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 hw.acpi.video.crt0.economy: 50 hw.acpi.video.crt0.fullpower: 80 hw.acpi.video.crt0.brightness: 80 hw.acpi.video.crt0.active: 1 别人的例子 kldload acpi_video; sysctl hw.acpi.video.lcd0.brightness=30 试试
pkg 源更新和系统更新
mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/
vi /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/FreeBSD.conf
FreeBSD: {
url: "pkg+http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/freebsd-pkg/${ABI}/quarterly",
}
#系统更新
pkg update -f
pkg update
pkg upgrade
FreeBSD 12.1-RELEASE Installation Instructions https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/freebsd-pkg.html
https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/pkgng-intro.html
更新单个软件
这里以firefox为例子 pkg install firefox #就可以直接升级了 Installed packages to be UPGRADED: firefox: 68.0.1_1,1 -> 69.0.2,1 telegram: 1.4.1.g20161227_5 -> 1.4.1.g20161227_6 protobuf: 3.7.1,1 -> 3.9.2,1 libevent: 2.1.10 -> 2.1.11 libqtxdg: 3.3.0 -> 3.3.0_1 Installed packages to be REINSTALLED: mysql57-server-5.7.27 (direct dependency changed: perl5) Number of packages to be upgraded: 5 Number of packages to be reinstalled: 1 The operation will free 1 MiB. 64 MiB to be downloaded.
ports 加速
sudo pkg install axel
vi /etc/make.conf
#加入以下内容
FETCH_CMD=axel
FETCH_BEFORE_ARGS= -n 10 -a
FETCH_AFTER_ARGS=
DISABLE_SIZE=yes
MASTER_SITE_OVERRIDE?=\
http://ports.hshh.org/${DIST_SUBDIR}/\
http://ports.cn.freebsd.org/${DIST_SUBDIR}/\
#ftp://ftp.freeBSDchina.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/${DIST_SUBDIR}/
MASTER_SITE_OVERRIDE?=http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/freebsd-ports/distfiles/${DIST_SUBDIR}/
MASTER_SITE_OVERRIDE?=${MASTER_SITE_BACKUP}
#MASTER_SITE_OVERRIDE?=http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/freebsd-ports/distfiles/${DIST_SUBDIR}/
vi /etc/portsnap.conf
把
SERVERNAME=portsnap.freebsd.org
修改成：
SERVERNAME=portsnap.hshh.org
这个是他的更新服务器。另外还有几个国内比较快的portsnap服务器：
portsnap.hshh.org
portsnap2.hshh.org
portsnap3.hshh.org (网通)
portsnap4.hshh.org
更新ports
在 /etc/make.conf 中添加以下内容（如果文件不存在，则新建之）：
MASTER_SITE_OVERRIDE?=http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/freebsd-ports/distfiles/${DIST_SUBDIR}/
cat /etc/portsnap.conf | grep cn
SERVERNAME=portsnap.cn.FreeBSD.org
fetch 获取数据
extract 释放全部ports
update 更新ports
第一次使用可以portsnap fetch extract
以后使用可以 portsnap fetch update
portsnap extract; portsnap update
现在的亚洲pkg mirrors
pkg0.twn.freebsd.org
http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/freebsd-ports.html
FreeBSD 11.1 发行版在线升级到 FreeBSD 11.2 发行版
FreeBSD 12 国内源提速 pkg 和 ports 做个笔记
20190808 new add
root@freebsd:/home/evan # cat /etc/fstab # Custom /etc/fstab for FreeBSD VM images /dev/gpt/rootfs / ufs rw 1 1 /dev/gpt/swapfs none swap sw 0 0 % echo 'ck-launch-session /usr/local/bin/startlxqt' > ~/.xinitrc pkg install xorg 安装： pkg install xorg //在/etc/rc.conf文件内添加如下内容： cat /etc/rc.conf hostname="freebsd" moused_enable="YES" moused_nodefault_enable="YES" dbus_enable="YES" hald_enable="YES" ifconfig_DEFAULT="DHCP inet6 accept_rtadv" sshd_enable="YES" slim_enable="yes" #lightdm_enable="YES" pkg install xrandr remmina synapse pkg install awesome pkg install telegram # or pidgim
https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/running-telegram-gui.51494/
添加 新硬盘 这个会出错 只有在安装时就两个硬盘 并分区就没事
Aug 9 2019
docker on freebsd https://wiki.freebsd.org/Docker
jails
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/MoeDisk/article/details/87028238
1 安装 gui 相关
安装
#不用 portnaps 直接pkg #昨晚这个默认居然是没有cn的 我去 搞半天 ,还是改一下比较好滴 vi /etc/portsnap.conf SERVERNAME=portsnap.cn.FreeBSD.org #不安装gnome3 就没有gdm，但是没办法单独安装gdm pkg install xorg mate slim #没了 xf86-video-fbdev ? #[Install CINNAMON Desktop Environment] pkg install cinnamon #20170331 #Lightdm is in the ports tree. pkg install x11/lightdm For lightdm to function, it requires one of the available greeters to be installed, which are available in the ports tree at x11/lightdm-*greeter* # 记得要添加这个DM Add the following lines to /etc/rc.conf to enable the LightDM: lightdm_enable="YES" # pkg install terminology
配置 和开机自启动
vi /etc/fstab proc /proc procfs rw 0 0 sysrc 'hald_enable=YES' 'dbus_enable=YES' 'slim_enable=YES' #'gdm_enable=YES'
中文化
只有中文化后 才能调用fcitx 五笔哦 不然没中文输入
2019
编辑用户的环境文件：
#vi ~/.cshrc //增加如下内容
setenv LANG zh_CN.UTF-8
setenv LC_CTYPE zh_CN.UTF-8
setenv LC_ALL zh_CN.UTF-8
//添加完后退出当前会话，重新进入。
#locale //显示当前用户环境
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8
用户级：
修改用户根目录文件.login_conf： 这个好像加了无效 201908
me:\
:lang=zh_CN.UTF-8:\
:setenv=LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8:\
:setenv=LC_CTYPE=zh_CN.UTF-8:\
:setenv=LC_COLLATE=zh_CN.UTF-8:\
:setenv=LC_TIME=zh_CN.UTF-8:\
:setenv=LC_NUMERIC=zh_CN.UTF-8:\
:setenv=LC_MONETARY=zh_CN.UTF-8:\
:setenv=LC_MESSAGES=zh_CN.UTF-8:\
:charset=UTF-8:\
:xmodifiers="@im=SCIM": #这里我假设你使用SCIM
在英文界面下运行中文输入法:
startx 开启 gnome 或 gdm 开始登录gnome
我在 ~/.xinitrc中加入了:
cat .xinitrc
#ck-launch-session /usr/local/bin/startlxqt
exec awesome
export LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8
export LANGUAGE=zh_CN.UTF-8.UTF-8
export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8.UTF-8
fcitx &
2019
export LC_CTYPE=“zh_CN.UTF-8” export XMODIFIERS=@im=SCIM export GTK_IM_MODULE=xim export QT_IM_DODULE=xim export XIM_PROGRAM=“scim -d” scim -d
#汉化 第一次失败了 第二再重装一下又好了 2017
$ vi .xinitrc
export LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8
export LANGUAGE=zh_CN.UTF-8.UTF-8
export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8.UTF-8
#exec mate-session 不用这个 mate 默认没有gdm了 如果用slim 还是要用这个
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-20377663-id-114464.html
https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/2203007741278957948.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/misstaste/p/5177011.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/sinx/p/10585930.html
wifi
http://www.puchalian.com/freebsd-wireless-networking-basics.html
https://www.howtoing.com/setting_up_a_freebsd_wlan_access_point/
update ports
SERVERNAME=portsnap.hshh.org http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/freebsd-ports.html https://www.cnblogs.com/yibinboy/articles/6136704.html pkg install firefox
http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/freebsd-ports.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/yibinboy/articles/6136704.html
https://blog.csdn.net/lanzh_syf/article/details/86599445
输入法
install
# fcitx wubi 在xfce 是成功的 ##记得 一定要加上chinese/ 不然是pkg 不到东西的 #fcitx-qt5 qt支持 不然在telegarm不能打字 pkg install chinese/fcitx chinese/fcitx-configtool chinese/fcitx-table-extra chinese/fcitx-ui-light fcitx-qt5
configure
Note:
默认输入状态 非激活 不然 老是默认中文 影响 commmond
fcitx-diagnose #查看相关的模块 非常不错的命令
vi .cshrc
#Note just for csh
setenv LANG zh_CN.UTF-8
setenv LC_CTYPE zh_CN.UTF-8
setenv LC_ALL zh_CN.UTF-8
# evan 4 fcitx
setenv XMODIFIERS @im=fcitx
setenv GTK_IM_MODULE fcitx
setenv QT_IM_MODULE fcitx
setenv XIM=fcitx
下面这些只是提示而已
③如果使用的Shell是bash或sh：
cat .cshrc
export XMODIFIERS='@im=fcitx'
export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
export QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx
我暂时是这个哦
④如果使用的Shell是csh或tcsh ：
setenv XMODIFIERS @im=fcitx
setenv GTK_IM_MODULE fcitx
setenv QT_IM_MODULE fcitx
⑤开机启动设置
系统-->首选项-->启动应用程序
添加fcitx
evan@home:~ % cat .xinitrc
export LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8
export LANGUAGE=zh_CN.UTF-8.UTF-8
export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8.UTF-8
export XMODIFIERS='@im=fcitx'
export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
export GTK3_IM_MODULE=fcitx
mkdir -p ~/.config/autostart/
cp /usr/local/share/applications/fcitx.desktop ~/.config/autostart/
pkg prompt
Message from zh-fcitx-4.2.9.6_2:
************************************************************************
Remember to set the environment variable XMODIFIERS:
csh/tcsh: setenv XMODIFIERS @im=fcitx
sh/bash: export XMODIFIERS='@im=fcitx'
For GTK+ programs, you may want to set:
csh/tcsh: setenv GTK_IM_MODULE fcitx
setenv GTK3_IM_MODULE fcitx
sh/bash: export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
export GTK3_IM_MODULE=fcitx
For Qt4 programs, we recommend you to use
qtconfig-qt4: /usr/ports/misc/qt4-qtconfig
instead of to manually set QT4_IM_MODULE.
To start fcitx with your desktop, just
cp /usr/local/share/applications/fcitx.desktop \
~/.config/autostart/
************************************************************************
Message from zh-fcitx-ui-light-0.1.3_2:
************************************************************************
Replace your `fcitx` command with
fcitx -u fcitx-light-ui
to start Fcitx with this lightweight UI.
**************************************************************
[Writing Chinese, Japanese, Korean in FreeBSD with fcitx]
ops and develop
pkg install git rsync sudo vim bash terminal anjuta vsftp xfce4-terminal gcc echo 'evan ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:NOPASSWD:ALL' >/usr/local/etc/sudoers.d/evan pkg install python https://docs.python.org/2.7/using/unix.html https://docs.python.org/3.3/using/unix.html # python ide pkg install python intellij-pycharm ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2 /usr/bin/python pkg install editors/emacs https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/developers-handbook/emacs.html pkg install terminator #dig pkg install dns/bind-tools
更改freebsd shell为bash vi 为vim
install
pkg install bash vim root@home:~ # where vi /usr/bin/vi mv /usr/bin/vi /usr/bin/bakvi && ln -s /usr/local/bin/vim /usr/bin/vi
设置bash
evan# whereis bash bash: /usr/local/bin/bash #sudo mv /bin/sh /bin/bak_sh ##做了下面这个ln 以后我们把平时在linux下跑的 shell 脚本拿到freebsd跑，也绝大部分没问题了 ln -s /usr/local/bin/bash /bin/bash #ln -s /usr/local/bin/bash /bin/sh tcsh -s /bin/bash tcsh -s /usr/local/bin/bash evan# chsh -s /usr/local/bin/bash chsh: user information updated 注销重启后 如下 搞定 [root@evan ~]# echo $SHELL /usr/local/bin/bash #anjuta log =========================================================================== Note that some standard Python modules are provided as separate ports as they require additional dependencies. They are available as: py35-gdbm databases/py35-gdbm py35-sqlite3 databases/py35-sqlite3 py35-tkinter x11-toolkits/py35-tkinter ===========================================================================
applications
终端
sudo pkg install tilda
health
sudo pkg install redshift
rednotebook
sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/bash /bin/bash sudo pkg install py36-yaml sudo python3.6 setup.py install
https://www.freshports.org/devel/py-yaml/
http://bbs.chinaunix.net/thread-3568241-1-1.html
ss
ss pkg install shadowsocks-libev # or cd /usr/ports/net/shadowsocks-libev/ && make install clean
Document Viewers
sudo pkg install Okular epdfview #Okular好用 #mupdf 只有命令行界面 # atril 好用 但是是安装上整个mate桌面
https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/desktop-viewers.html
IM
telegram
sudo pkg install telegram-desktop # 其它都不对 sudo pkg install telegram #/usr/ports/net-im/telegram && make install clean
IRC
sudo pkg install hexchat konversation
影音
pkg install celluloid vlc audacious multimedia/audacious-plugins archivers/unzip mplayer gnome-mplayer
ftp
service 自带了ftp FreeBSD includes FTP server software, ftpd, in the base system. https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/network-ftp.html #ftp client pkg install filezilla
Browsers
pkg install netsurf midori falkon chromium firefox-esr# firefox # firefox这个在配置那里就可以选择 add 中文 falkon ld-elf.so.1: /usr/local/lib/qt5/libQt5Core.so.5: version Qt_5.13 required by /usr/local/bin/falkon not found #今天 更新到firefox 70 然后起不来了 Segmentation fault (core dumped) fetch https://download.cdn.mozilla.net/pub/firefox/releases/70.0/source/firefox-70.0.source.tar.xz :/usr/ports/www/firefox # make install clean https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/desktop-browsers.html ## log Message from chromium-56.0.2924.87_1: For correct operation, shared memory support has to be enabled in Chromium by performing the following command as root : sysctl kern.ipc.shm_allow_removed=1 To preserve this setting across reboots, append the following to /etc/sysctl.conf : kern.ipc.shm_allow_removed=1 安装flashplayer插件 安装 nspluginwrapper this is only for firefox ? cd /usr/ports/www/nspluginwrapper make make install 安装 linux-c6-flashplugin11 cd /usr/ports/www/linux-c6-flashplugin11 make make install 执行nspluginwrapper -v -a -i 若报错Kernel too old, 执行命令sysctl compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.18 修改/etc/sysctl.conf, 增加compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.18 修改/etc/fstab linproc /usr/compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0 #这个是 也是手册上的哦 cd /usr/ports/www/linux-flashplayer make install clean 备注 安装步骤参考FreeBSD Handbook 安装nspluginwrapper会安装linux_base-c6 注意安装的版本
firefox
要把 .mozilla/ 目录先删除 再 重装 firefox-esr 就可以同步回插件等等所有东西回来了 sudo pkg install firefox-esr 字体设置 记得这个不要勾上 允许页面选择自己的字体代替您的上述选择(A
https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/desktop-browsers.html
remmina
pkg install remmina #默认没有rdp 等协议 To install the port: cd /usr/ports/net/remmina-plugins/ && make install clean To add the package: pkg install remmina-plugins
https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/rdp-or-vnc-for-access-to-remote-windows-machine.53651/
https://www.freshports.org/net/remmina-plugins/
启动器
synapse rofi
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Rofi
https://www.cnblogs.com/siyingcheng/p/11706215.html https://hacpai.com/article/1552717494529
https://github.com/davatorium/rofi/wiki/themes
文件管理器
pcmanfm
edit
pkg install gedit geany gnote gnome-calculator#算机器 #madedit
svn
pkg install subversion && pkg install kdesvn # or esvn
office
libreoffice
sudo pkg install libreoffice pushd /usr/ports/chinese/libreoffice-zh_CN && sudo make install clean
虚拟化
#FreeBSD as a Host with VirtualBox sudo pkg install emulators/virtualbox-ose #普通用户启动 sudo pw groupmod vboxusers -m evan sudo sysrc vboxnet_enable #现在是这样启动的 sudo virtualbox
note
============================================================================= VirtualBox was installed. You need to load the vboxdrv kernel module via /boot/loader.conf: vboxdrv_load="YES" You also have to add all users to your vboxusers group in order to use vbox. % pw groupmod vboxusers -m jerry Reboot the machine to load the needed kernel modules. Bridging Support: ================= For bridged networking please add the following line to your /etc/rc.conf: vboxnet_enable="YES" USB Support: ============ For USB support your user needs to be in the operator group and needs read and write permissions to the USB device. % pw groupmod operator -m jerry Add the following to /etc/devfs.rules (create if it doesn't exist): [system=10] add path 'usb/*' mode 0660 group operator To load these new rule add the following to /etc/rc.conf: devfs_system_ruleset="system" Then restart devfs to load the new rules: % /etc/rc.d/devfs restart Troubleshooting: ================ Running VirtualBox as non-root user may fail with a fatal error NS_ERROR_FACTORY_NOT_REGISTERED. In this case delete /tmp/.vbox-*-ipc file. If you experience "Network: write Failed: Cannot allocate memory" errors try to increase net.graph.maxdata in /boot/loader.conf If you are using AIO, then increase these limits (PR#168298): vfs.aio.max_buf_aio=8192 vfs.aio.max_aio_queue_per_proc=65536 vfs.aio.max_aio_per_proc=8192 vfs.aio.max_aio_queue=65536 To check if AIO is used use: kldstat -v | grep aio Check wiki page for known issues and troubleshooting: http://wiki.freebsd.org/VirtualBox Please report any problems to emulation@. Thanks!
https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/virtualization-host-virtualbox.html
https://wiki.freebsd.org/VirtualBox
连接win客户端
rdesktop
pkg -y install rdesktop pkg -y install tsclient rdesktop是基于命令行的工具，tsclient只是一个图形化的界面，依赖于rdesktop
remmmina
thunderbird
composition—> language —Download more 就可以下载中文了 Advanced language 选择chinese 代理配置 高级 —网络 —连接
server
redis
#redis 3.x compli gmaek -j2 && sudo gmake install /usr/local/bin/redis-server #自启动 cat /etc/rc.local /usr/local/bin/redis-server > /dev/null #这个不行 Ambiguous output redirect /usr/local/bin/redis-server > /dev/null 2 > &1 or /usr/local/etc/rc.d下面放你的脚本 cd /usr/ports/databases/redis make /usr/local/etc/rc.d/redis start /usr/local/bin/redis-cli
docker
https://wiki.freebsd.org/Docker
参考
https://www.c0ffee.net/blog/freebsd-on-a-laptop/
FreeBSD 与 RISC-V: 开源物联网生态系统的未来
https://wiki.freebsdchina.org/software/a/awesome
FreeBSD 7 Xorg7.3 KDE3.5 桌面系统安装及美化
Choose the best Desktop for FreeBSD
https://cooltrainer.org/a-freebsd-desktop-howto/
安装远程桌面，VNC Server on FreeBSD + VNC Viewer on Windows
截图
flameshot
pkg install flameshot #conf vi ~/.cshrc alias flameshot flameshot gui source ~/.cshrc
图形
gimp screenfetch
development
mysql
Message from mysql57-server-5.7.27: ***************************************************************************** Remember to run mysql_upgrade the first time you start the MySQL server after an upgrade from an earlier version. Initial password for first time use of MySQL is saved in $HOME/.mysql_secret ie. when you want to use "mysql -u root -p" first you should see password in /root/.mysql_secret MySQL57 has a default %%ETCDIR%%/my.cnf, remember to replace it wit your own or set `mysql_optfile="$YOUR_CNF_FILE` in rc.conf. ***************************************************************************** Message from akonadi-19.04.2_1: =============================================================================== KDE Applications versions of Akonadi, KMail, and Kontact use large messages on the local machine. The default size on FreeBSD is too small, which causes local connection problems, and Akonadi-based applications will be flaky (e.g. mailboxes do not display, messages cannot be found). Increasing the buffer size is recommended: sysctl net.local.stream.recvspace=65536 sysctl net.local.stream.sendspace=65536 ===============================================================================
有用的
启用、安装linxu内核。 #kldload linux #ee /etc/rc.conf linux_enable=”YES” #cd /usr/ports/www/linux_base-f10 && make install clean 先安装linux的flash10插件 cd /usr/ports/www/linux-f10-flashplugin10 make install clean （这一步会把libflashplayer.so安装在/usr/local/lib/npapi/linux-f10-flashplugin/libflashplayer.so） 再安装nspluginwrapper cd /usr/ports/www/nspluginwrapper make install clean 兼容转换 nspluginwrapper -v -i /usr/local/lib/npapi/linux-f10-flashplugin/libflashplayer.so（这一步会在/usr/local/lib/browser_plugins/ 下生成能在freebsd下使用的npwrapper.libflashplayer.so文件 ） 最后把插件链接到chromium插件目录下 ln -s /usr/local/lib/browser_plugins/npwrapper.libflashplayer.so /usr/local/share/chromium/plugins/ 与此同时firefox也可以进行视频播放了，如果还不可以，可以到网上去看看其他教程.
old输入法
ibus-table-chinese Chinese input tables for IBus
other
sed -i '' -e 's/memorylocked=128M/memorylocked=256M/' /etc/login.conf # cap_mkdb /etc/login.conf Remember to set the environment variable XMODIFIERS: csh/tcsh: setenv XMODIFIERS @im=fcitx sh/bash: export XMODIFIERS='@im=fcitx' For GTK+ programs, you may want to set: csh/tcsh: setenv GTK_IM_MODULE fcitx setenv GTK3_IM_MODULE fcitx sh/bash: export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx export GTK3_IM_MODULE=fcitx For Qt4 programs, we recommend you to use qtconfig-qt4: /usr/ports/misc/qt4-qtconfig instead of to manually set QT4_IM_MODULE. To start fcitx with your desktop, just cp /usr/local/share/applications/fcitx.desktop \ ~/.config/autostart/ ************************************************************************ Message from zh-fcitx-ui-light-0.1.3_2: ************************************************************************ Replace your `fcitx` command with fcitx -u fcitx-light-ui to start Fcitx with this lightweight UI.
0. #添加到管理员组 pw groupmod wheel -m evan #enable ssh sysrc 'sshd_enable=YES' cat /etc/rc.conf zfs_enable="YES" hostname="digitalocean" ifconfig_vtnet0="dhcp" sshd_enable="YES" nginx_enable="YES" php_fpm_enable="YES" mysql_enable="YES" redis_enable="YES" shadowsocks_libev_enable="YES" # set time ntpdate cn.pool.ntp.org #添加新硬盘到 home 给evan 使用
fstab evan@homebsd:~/kalibak % cat /etc/fstab # Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass# /dev/ada0p1 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/ada0p3 / ufs rw 1 1 /dev/ada0p4 /home ufs rw 2 2 proc /proc procfs rw 0 0 Display manager https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Display_manager_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87) FreeBSD从入门到放弃 https://linxiaohui.gitbooks.io/notes-on-freebsd/content/ Tencent QQ (简体中文) https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Tencent_QQ_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)#.E5.9F.BA.E4.BA.8E_WebQQ Installing a Desktop Environment on FreeBSD https://www.freebsdfoundation.org/freebsd/how-to-guides/installing-a-desktop-environment-on-freebsd/#! How to Install FreeBSD 10.2 with Mate Desktop http://linoxide.com/linux-how-to/install-freebsd-10-2-mate-desktop/ https://wiki.lxde.org/en/FreeBSD Installing Mate desktop on FreeBSD 11 http://www.vpierre.it/installing-mate-desktop-on-freebsd-11/ fetch 获取数据 extract 释放全部ports update 更新ports 第一次使用可以 portsnap fetch extract 以后使用可以 portsnap fetch update portsnap extract; portsnap update 如果写在cron可以用 portsnap cron update FreeBSD 简明用户指南 install gnome3 kde4 xfce etc https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/x11-wm.html Browsers https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/desktop-browsers.html pkg install firefox pkg install swfdec-plugin MP3 Audio https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/sound-mp3.html https://bsdelf.github.io/posts/freebsd-brief-user-guide https://huataihuang.gitbooks.io/cloud-atlas/content/os/freebsd/packages_and_ports.html https://antumdeluge.wordpress.com/2014/07/19/how-to-install-freebsd/ FreeBSD简单汉化终结篇[基于core font的汉化] http://bbs.watchstor.com/thread-274706-1-1.html ********************** 安装Firefox的多国语言包 #pkg install firefox35-i18n 你太善良》是香港歌手张智霖， 张惠妹 放开你的头脑 就两个文件 另外一个freebsd10 4 desktop program/kindlereader Official Mirrors https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/eresources-web.html SERVERNAME=portsnap.FreeBSD.org SERVERNAME=portsnap.cn.FreeBSD.org portsnap fetch extract 桌面相关的官方文档 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/x11-wm.html echo 'exec enlightenment_start' >> ~/.xinitrc ##xfce 这个也是成功了 字体好看 不过是英文的呢喃 加上汉化的就行了 pkg install xfce #昨天今天就是少了这一步 看来要多提高英文水平哦 Unlike GNOME or KDE, Xfce does not provide its own login manager. In order to start Xfce from the command line by typing startx, first add its entry to ~/.xinitrc: % echo "exec /usr/local/bin/startxfce4 --with-ck-launch" > ~/.xinitrc ##gnome3 pkg install gnome3 vlc have gdm can not add this #echo 'exec gnome-session' >> ~/.xinitrc http://blog.linuxchina.net/?p=993 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/x11-wm.html https://antumdeluge.wordpress.com/2014/07/19/how-to-install-freebsd/ https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/57329/ Installing Mate desktop on FreeBSD 11 http://www.vpierre.it/installing-mate-desktop-on-freebsd-11/
ops
在bsd上直接叫 md5 linux上是md5sum
优化
sendmail_enable="NONE"
old
###fvwm
FreeBSD汉化+FVWM
http://zqscm.qiniucdn.com/data/20090728100241/index.html
1 中文环境
pkg_add -r zh-auto-ch-l10n
这个命令好像作了不少事情，我忘记是否下载了wenquanyi字体，没有的话，再手动来一遍
pkg_add -r wqy
下边的不知道是不是必须的
在设置好xorg.conf中fontpath的前题下，执行
fc-cache -fv，让系统加入wqy字体
输入法如果没下载的话，可以
pkg_add -r fcitx,我是用五笔的
然后，配置中文的locale
在~/.chsrc里，增加
setenv LANG zh_CN.eucCN
setenv LC_CTYPE zh_CN.eucCN
setenv LC_ALL zh_CN.eucCN
上边是中文local，lc_all好像不是必须要设置的
下边设置输入法
setenv XMODIFIERS @im=fcitx
2 fvwm，这个东西小快，够用了
pkg_add -r fvwm
3 使用fvwm作为桌面
在~下，找一下有没有.xinitrc文件，没有就搞一个出来
内容是
exec fvwm
如果要输入法也一并启动则为
fcitx&
exec fvwm
Troubleshooting
随便更新了一下firefox 70 现在总算可以了 以后少更新点
terminator 启动不了
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/bin/terminator", line 83, in <module>
from terminatorlib import ipc
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/terminatorlib/ipc.py", line 31, in <module>
class DBusService(Borg, dbus.service.Object):
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/terminatorlib/ipc.py", line 62, in DBusService
@dbus.service.method(BUS_NAME, in_signature='a{ss}')
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/dbus/decorators.py", line 155, in method
validate_interface_name(dbus_interface)
ValueError: Invalid interface or error name 'net.tenshu.Terminator2-0x3bc8d9c28d7f7322': contains invalid character '-'
terminator -u 这样启动就行了
telegram 等等有关qt的都用不了 firefox70 也好了
Cannot mix incompatible Qt library (version ) with this library (version )
pkg install qt5-core
pkg update -f
pkg update
pkg upgrade
telegram-desktop
ld-elf.so.1: /usr/local/lib/qt5/libQt5Core.so.5: version Qt_5.13 required by /usr/local/bin/telegram-desktop not found
root@bsd-latop:~ # pkg install qt5
root@bsd-latop:~ # telegram-desktop
ld-elf.so.1: /usr/local/lib/qt5/libQt5Core.so.5: version Qt_5.13 required by /usr/local/bin/telegram-desktop not found
root@bsd-latop:~ # file /usr/local/lib/qt5/libQt5Core.so.5
/usr/local/lib/qt5/libQt5Core.so.5: symbolic link to libQt5Core.so.5.12.2
pkg: cached package *:size mismatch, cannot continue
pkg update -f
see also
http://www.chinafreebsd.cn/article/59da3fa39561e
freenas Mount ext4 partition http://blog.linuxchina.net/?p=1782
linux: mount UFS filesystem http://blog.linuxchina.net/?p=1776
Linux® 用户的 FreeBSD 快速入门向导 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/zh_CN/articles/linux-users/index.html
https://freebsdchina.org/forum/topic_63558.html
https://www.enlightenment.org/distros/freebsd-start
https://www.freebsd.org/doc/zh_CN.UTF-8/books/handbook/updating-upgrading-portsnap.html
https://www.trueos.org/handbook/preinstall.html
