Psutil
目录
* usage
** cpu
import psutil In [3]: psutil.cpu_count() Out[3]: 12 In [4]: psutil.cpu_count(logical=False) Out[4]: 6 统计CPU的用户／系统／空闲时间： In [5]: psutil.cpu_times() Out[5]: scputimes(user=7503.18, nice=16.75, system=2506.54, idle=383529.04, iowait=670.68, irq=0.0, softirq=471.62, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0) 再实现类似top命令的CPU使用率，每秒刷新一次，累计10次： >>> for x in range(10): ... print(psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1, percpu=True))
** 内存
In [6]: psutil.virtual_memory()
Out[6]: svmem(total=16472592384, available=12100411392, percent=26.5, used=3397423104, free=8617963520, active=4693372928, inactive=1953992704, buffers=678100992, cached=3779104768, shared=629567488, slab=543322112)
'''
返回的是字节Byte为单位的整数
重点关注的参数是：
1.total表示内存总的大小
2.percent表示实际已经使用的内存占比。
3.available表示还可以使用的内存。
4.uused表示已经使用的内存
'''
🍒使用total获取内存总大小
>>> psutil.virtual_memory().total
2028425216
🍒使用获取已经使用的内存
>>> psutil.virtual_memory().used
865882112
🍧使用free获取剩余的内存
>>> psutil.virtual_memory().free
805871616
** 磁盘信息主要两部分，一个是磁盘的利用率，一个是io。获取磁盘相关
*** 3.1、psutil.disk_partitions()获取磁盘分区信息
disk_partitions([all=False])：以命名元组的形式返回所有已挂载的磁盘，包含磁盘名称，挂载点，文件系统类型等信息。
当all等于True时，返回包含/proc等特殊文件系统的挂载信息
🥞获取磁盘分区的信息 >>> psutil.disk_partitions() [sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda3', mountpoint='/', fstype='xfs', opts='rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,logbufs=8,logbsize=32k,noquota', maxfile=255, maxpath=4096), sdiskpart(device='/dev/loop1', mountpoint='/snap/core18/1944', fstype='squashfs', opts='ro,nodev,relatime', maxfile=256, maxpath=4096),。...sdiskpart(device='/dev/loop6', mountpoint='/snap/snap-store/467', fstype='squashfs', opts='ro,nodev,relatime', maxfile=256, maxpath=4096), sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda1', mountpoint='/boot', fstype='xfs', opts='rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,logbufs=8,logbsize=32k,noquota', maxfile=255, maxpath=4096)]
>>> io = psutil.disk_partitions() >>> print(io[-1]) sdiskpart(device='/dev/sr0', mountpoint='/media/shawn/Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS amd64', fstype='iso9660', opts='ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime,nojoliet,check=s,map=n,blocksize=2048,uid=1000,gid=1000,dmode=500,fmode=400', maxfile=255, maxpath=4096) >>>
*** 3.2、psutil.disk_usage()获取路径所在磁盘的使用情况
disk_usage(path)：以命名元组的形式返回path所在磁盘的使用情况，包括磁盘的容量、已经使用的磁盘容量、磁盘的空间利用率等。
🍿获取根分区的使用情况 >>> psutil.disk_usage('/') sdiskusage(total=101184290816, used=8805330944, free=92378959872, percent=8.7) >>>
*** 3.3、disk_io_counters获取io统计信息
disk_io_counters([perdisk])：以命名元组的形式返回磁盘io统计信息(汇总的)，包括读、写的次数，读、写的字节数等。 当perdisk的值为True，则分别列出单个磁盘的统计信息(字典：key为磁盘名称，value为统计的namedtuple)。
🍳获取磁盘总的io个数，读写信息 >>> psutil.disk_io_counters() sdiskio(read_count=60919, write_count=448417, read_bytes=1582292480, write_bytes=31438750208, read_time=50157, write_time=259374, read_merged_count=2527, write_merged_count=44226, busy_time=1096900)
补充说明 read_count(读IO数) write_count(写IO数) read_bytes(读IO字节数) write_bytes(写IO字节数) read_time(磁盘读时间) write_time(磁盘写时间)
🍚获取单个分区的IO和读写信息 >>> psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=True) {'loop0': sdiskio(read_count=43, write_count=0, read_bytes=358400, write_bytes=0, read_time=28, write_time=0, read_merged_count=0, write_merged_count=0, busy_time=44), 'loop1': sdiskio(read_count=424, write_count=0, read_bytes=6236160, write_bytes=0, read_time=277, write_time=0, read_merged_count=0, write_merged_count=0, busy_time=956),... write_merged_count=985, busy_time=1132488)}
** 获取网络信息
** sensors_传感器
psutil模块还未我们提供了可以查看获取计算机硬件、电池状态、硬件风扇速度等
>>> import psutil
🍝返回硬件的信息 >>> psutil.sensors_temperatures() {'acpitz': [shwtemp(label=, current=47.0, high=103.0, critical=103.0)],
'asus': [shwtemp(label=, current=47.0, high=None, critical=None)],
'coretemp': [shwtemp(label='Physical id 0', current=52.0, high=100.0, critical=100.0),
shwtemp(label='Core 0', current=45.0, high=100.0, critical=100.0)]}
>>>
🍟返回电池状态 >>> psutil.sensors_fans() {'asus': [sfan(label='cpu_fan', current=3200)]} >>>
🍘返回硬件风扇速度 >>> psutil.sensors_battery() sbattery(percent=93, secsleft=16628, power_plugged=False) >>>
🍋返回硬件温度 >>> psutil.sensors_temperatures(fahrenheit=False)
dva例子
In [2]: import psutil
In [3]: dic = psutil.net_if_addrs()
In [4]: dic
Out[4]:
{'lo': [snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, address='127.0.0.1', netmask='255.0.0.0', broadcast=None, ptp=None),
snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='::1', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff', broadcast=None, ptp=None),
snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_PACKET: 17>, address='00:00:00:00:00:00', netmask=None, broadcast=None, ptp=None)],
'wlan0': [snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, address='192.168.88.108', netmask='255.255.255.0', broadcast='192.168.88.255', ptp=None),
snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='fd67:f843:530::d8d', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff', broadcast=None, ptp=None),
snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='fd67:f843:530:0:521e:82c5:9e16:3b2', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::', broadcast=None, ptp=None),
snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='fe80::d4c9:9f38:df07:bd12%wlan0', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::', broadcast=None, ptp=None),
snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_PACKET: 17>, address='60:f2:62:a8:3a:f9', netmask=None, broadcast='ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff', ptp=None)],
'eth0': [snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_PACKET: 17>, address='34:48:ed:90:24:e3', netmask=None, broadcast='ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff', ptp=None)]}
In [5]: def getIP():
...: """获取ipv4地址"""
...: dic = psutil.net_if_addrs()
...: ipv4_list = []
...: for adapter in dic:
...: snicList = dic[adapter]
...: for snic in snicList:
...: if snic.family.name == 'AF_INET':
...: ipv4 = snic.address
...: if ipv4 != '127.0.0.1':
...: ipv4_list.append(ipv4)
...: if len(ipv4_list) >= 1:
...: return ipv4_list[0]
...: else:
...: return None
...:
In [6]: getIP()
Out[6]: '192.168.88.108'
不错的解说过程
def getIP():
"""获取ipv4地址"""
dic = psutil.net_if_addrs()
ipv4_list = []
for adapter in dic:
snicList = dic[adapter]
for snic in snicList:
if snic.family.name == 'AF_INET':
ipv4 = snic.address
if ipv4 != '127.0.0.1':
ipv4_list.append(ipv4)
if len(ipv4_list) >= 1:
return ipv4_list[0]
else:
return None
'''
In [14]: for adapter in dic:
...: snicList = dic[adapter]
...: print(snicList)
...: print('**************')
...: type(snicList)
...:
[snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, address='127.0.0.1', netmask='255.0.0.0', broadcast=None, ptp=None), snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='::1', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff', broadcast=None, ptp=None), snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_PACKET: 17>, address='00:00:00:00:00:00', netmask=None, broadcast=None, ptp=None)]
**************
[snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, address='192.168.88.108', netmask='255.255.255.0', broadcast='192.168.88.255', ptp=None), snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='fd67:f843:530::d8d', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff', broadcast=None, ptp=None), snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='fd67:f843:530:0:521e:82c5:9e16:3b2', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::', broadcast=None, ptp=None), snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='fe80::d4c9:9f38:df07:bd12%wlan0', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::', broadcast=None, ptp=None), snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_PACKET: 17>, address='60:f2:62:a8:3a:f9', netmask=None, broadcast='ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff', ptp=None)]
**************
[snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_PACKET: 17>, address='34:48:ed:90:24:e3', netmask=None, broadcast='ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff', ptp=None)]
**************
In [15]: for adapter in dic:
...: snicList = dic[adapter]
...: for snic in snicList:
...: print('zzzzzz')
...: print(snic)
...:
...:
zzzzzz
snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, address='127.0.0.1', netmask='255.0.0.0', broadcast=None, ptp=None)
zzzzzz
snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='::1', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff', broadcast=None, ptp=None)
zzzzzz
snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_PACKET: 17>, address='00:00:00:00:00:00', netmask=None, broadcast=None, ptp=None)
zzzzzz
snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, address='192.168.88.108', netmask='255.255.255.0', broadcast='192.168.88.255', ptp=None)
zzzzzz
snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='fd67:f843:530::d8d', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff', broadcast=None, ptp=None)
zzzzzz
snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='fd67:f843:530:0:521e:82c5:9e16:3b2', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::', broadcast=None, ptp=None)
zzzzzz
snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='fe80::d4c9:9f38:df07:bd12%wlan0', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::', broadcast=None, ptp=None)
zzzzzz
snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_PACKET: 17>, address='60:f2:62:a8:3a:f9', netmask=None, broadcast='ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff', ptp=None)
zzzzzz
snicaddr(family=<AddressFamily.AF_PACKET: 17>, address='34:48:ed:90:24:e3', netmask=None, broadcast='ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff', ptp=None)
In [16]: for adapter in dic:
...: snicList = dic[adapter]
...: for snic in snicList:
...: if snic.family.name == 'AF_INET':
...: ipv4 = snic.address
...: ipv4_list.append(ipv4)
...: print(ipv4_list)
...:
['127.0.0.1']
['127.0.0.1', '192.168.88.108']
'''
def getIP():
"""获取ipv4地址"""
dic = psutil.net_if_addrs()
ipv4_list = []
for adapter in dic:
snicList = dic[adapter]
for snic in snicList:
if snic.family.name == 'AF_INET':
ipv4 = snic.address
if ipv4 != '127.0.0.1':
ipv4_list.append(ipv4)
if len(ipv4_list) >= 1:
return ipv4_list[0]
else:
return None
查看系统硬件脚本
#!/usr/bin/python3
#coding:utf-8
##查看系统硬件脚本
import psutil
import datetime
import time
# 当前时间
now_time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time()))
print(now_time)
# 查看cpu物理个数的信息
print(u"物理CPU个数: %s" % psutil.cpu_count(logical=False))
#CPU的使用率
cpu = (str(psutil.cpu_percent(1))) + '%'
print(u"cup使用率: %s" % cpu)
#查看内存信息,剩余内存.free 总共.total
#round()函数方法为返回浮点数x的四舍五入值。
free = str(round(psutil.virtual_memory().free / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0), 2))
total = str(round(psutil.virtual_memory().total / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0), 2))
memory = int(psutil.virtual_memory().total - psutil.virtual_memory().free) / float(psutil.virtual_memory().total)
print(u"物理内存： %s G" % total)
print(u"剩余物理内存： %s G" % free)
print(u"物理内存使用率： %s %%" % int(memory * 100))
# 系统启动时间
print(u"系统启动时间: %s" % datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(psutil.boot_time()).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))
# 系统用户
users_count = len(psutil.users())
#
# >>> for u in psutil.users():
# ... print(u)
# ...
# suser(name='root', terminal='pts/0', host='61.135.18.162', started=1505483904.0)
# suser(name='root', terminal='pts/5', host='61.135.18.162', started=1505469056.0)
# >>> u.name
# 'root'
# >>> u.terminal
# 'pts/5'
# >>> u.host
# '61.135.18.162'
# >>> u.started
# 1505469056.0
# >>>
users_list = ",".join([u.name for u in psutil.users()])
print(u"当前有%s个用户，分别是 %s" % (users_count, users_list))
#网卡，可以得到网卡属性，连接数，当前流量等信息
net = psutil.net_io_counters()
bytes_sent = '{0:.2f} Mb'.format(net.bytes_recv / 1024 / 1024)
bytes_rcvd = '{0:.2f} Mb'.format(net.bytes_sent / 1024 / 1024)
print(u"网卡接收流量 %s 网卡发送流量 %s" % (bytes_rcvd, bytes_sent))
io = psutil.disk_partitions()
# print(io)
# print("io[-1]为",io[-1])
#del io[-1]
print('-----------------------------磁盘信息---------------------------------------')
print("系统磁盘信息：" + str(io))
for i in io:
o = psutil.disk_usage(i.device)
print("总容量：" + str(int(o.total / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0))) + "G")
print("已用容量：" + str(int(o.used / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0))) + "G")
print("可用容量：" + str(int(o.free / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0))) + "G")
print('-----------------------------进程信息-------------------------------------')
# 查看系统全部进程
for pnum in psutil.pids():
p = psutil.Process(pnum)
print(u"进程名 %-20s 内存利用率 %-18s 进程状态 %-10s 创建时间 %-10s " \
% (p.name(), p.memory_percent(), p.status(), p.create_time()))
evan@myxps:~/tmp$ python3 ps.py
2021-07-18-15:00:08
物理CPU个数: 6
cup使用率: 2.8%
物理内存： 15.34 G
剩余物理内存： 9.19 G
物理内存使用率： 40 %
系统启动时间: 2021-07-18 11:35:59
当前有1个用户，分别是 evan
网卡接收流量 48.04 Mb 网卡发送流量 971.19 Mb
-----------------------------磁盘信息---------------------------------------
系统磁盘信息：[sdiskpart(device='/dev/nvme0n1p8', mountpoint='/', fstype='ext4', opts='rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro', maxfile=255, maxpath=4096), sdiskpart(device='/dev/nvme0n1p9', mountpoint='/home/evan/data', fstype='ext4', opts='rw,relatime', maxfile=255, maxpath=4096), sdiskpart(device='/dev/nvme0n1p1', mountpoint='/boot/efi', fstype='vfat', opts='rw,relatime,fmask=0077,dmask=0077,codepage=437,iocharset=ascii,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro', maxfile=1530, maxpath=4096)]
总容量：7G
已用容量：0G
可用容量：7G
总容量：7G
已用容量：0G
可用容量：7G
总容量：7G
已用容量：0G
可用容量：7G
-----------------------------进程信息-------------------------------------
进程名 systemd 内存利用率 0.06825592315949582 进程状态 sleeping 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 kthreadd 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 sleeping 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 rcu_gp 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 idle 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 rcu_par_gp 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 idle 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 kworker/0:0H-kblockd 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 idle 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 mm_percpu_wq 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 idle 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 ksoftirqd/0 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 sleeping 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 rcu_sched 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 idle 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 migration/0 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 sleeping 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 cpuhp/0 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 sleeping 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 cpuhp/1 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 sleeping 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 migration/1 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 sleeping 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 ksoftirqd/1 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 sleeping 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 kworker/1:0H-events_highpri 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 idle 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 cpuhp/2 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 sleeping 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 migration/2 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 sleeping 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 ksoftirqd/2 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 sleeping 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 kworker/2:0H-kblockd 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 idle 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 cpuhp/3 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 sleeping 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 migration/3 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 sleeping 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 ksoftirqd/3 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 sleeping 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 kworker/3:0H-events_highpri 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 idle 创建时间 1626579359.07
进程名 cpuhp/4 内存利用率 0.0 进程状态 sleeping 创建时间 1626579359.07
