Helm基础
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目录
Installing the Helm Client
From the Binary Releases
wget -c https://get.helm.sh/helm-v2.14.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xvf helm-v2.14.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv linux-amd64/helm /usr/local/bin/helm
helm version
Client: &version.Version{SemVer:"v2.14.1", GitCommit:"5270352a09c7e8b6e8c9593002a73535276507c0", GitTreeState:"clean"}
Error: could not find tiller
wget -c https://get.helm.sh/helm-v2.9.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xvf helm-v2.9.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv linux-amd64/helm /usr/local/bin/helm
https://helm.sh/docs/using_helm/#installing-helm
Installing Tiller Helm server
warr
on centos7 helm3 成功
on ubuntu 18 helm2 成功
evan@ubuntu18:~$ helm version
Client: &version.Version{SemVer:"v2.14.0", GitCommit:"05811b84a3f93603dd6c2fcfe57944dfa7ab7fd0", GitTreeState:"clean"}
Server: &version.Version{SemVer:"v2.14.0", GitCommit:"05811b84a3f93603dd6c2fcfe57944dfa7ab7fd0", GitTreeState:"clean"}
Using RBAC Authorization
cat >> rbac-config.yaml <<EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: tiller
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: tiller
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: tiller
namespace: kube-system
EOF
kubectl create -f rbac-config.yaml
serviceaccount/tiller created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/tiller created
#但是好像没看到上面的 tiller 哦
kubectl get pod --all-namespaces
#这个么
kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l app=helm
kubernetes Using RBAC Authorization
init tiller
helm init --service-account tiller
#没有指定 ServiceAccount 的，所以我们需要给 Tiller 打上一个 ServiceAccount 的补丁：
kubectl patch deploy --namespace kube-system tiller-deploy -p '{"spec":{"template":{"spec":{"serviceAccount":"tiller"}}}}'
发现原来的node2 上有tiller 14.0的images 马上把helm 也改成14.0 并关了node1 哈哈 原来的14.1 等了两个小时呀，其实可以先pull images 下来为妙
[root@master tmp]# helm init --service-account tiller #有时要多尝试几次
Creating /root/.helm/repository/repositories.yaml
Adding stable repo with URL: https://kubernetes-charts.storage.googleapis.com
Adding local repo with URL: http://127.0.0.1:8879/charts
$HELM_HOME has been configured at /root/.helm.
Tiller (the Helm server-side component) has been installed into your Kubernetes Cluster.
Please note: by default, Tiller is deployed with an insecure 'allow unauthenticated users' policy.
To prevent this, run `helm init` with the --tiller-tls-verify flag.
For more information on securing your installation see: https://docs.helm.sh/using_helm/#securing-your-helm-installation
Happy Helming!
[root@master tmp]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l app=helm
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
tiller-deploy-64f5b9869-xxbm5 1/1 Running 0 4m55s
国内安装tiller
#国内安装 kubectl apply -f rbac-config.yaml helm init --upgrade -i registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/tiller:v2.9.1 --stable-repo-url https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/charts helm init --service-account tiller -i hub.tencentyun.com/helm/tiller:v2.11.0 [root@node2 ~]# docker pull hub.tencentyun.com/helm/tiller:v2.14.1 Error response from daemon: manifest for hub.tencentyun.com/helm/tiller:v2.14.1 not found
查看是否授权成功
[root@master ~]# kubectl get deploy --namespace kube-system tiller-deploy --output yaml|grep serviceAccount
serviceAccount: tiller
serviceAccountName: tiller
today
kubectl edit deploy tiller-deploy -n kube-system
containers:
- env:
- name: TILLER_NAMESPACE
value: kube-system
- name: TILLER_HISTORY_MAX
value: "0"
- name: KUBERNETES_MASTER
value: 192.168.88.30:8080
最后两行是新加 #on centos7
https://blog.csdn.net/lindao99/article/details/79977702
calico 网络
[root@master tmp]# helm init --service-account tiller $HELM_HOME has been configured at /root/.helm. Tiller (the Helm server-side component) has been installed into your Kubernetes Cluster. Please note: by default, Tiller is deployed with an insecure 'allow unauthenticated users' policy. To prevent this, run `helm init` with the --tiller-tls-verify flag. For more information on securing your installation see: https://docs.helm.sh/using_helm/#securing-your-helm-installation [root@master tmp]# helm repo update Hang tight while we grab the latest from your chart repositories... ...Skip local chart repository ...Unable to get an update from the "stable" chart repository (https://kubernetes-charts.storage.googleapis.com): Get https://kubernetes-charts.storage.googleapis.com/index.yaml: read tcp 192.168.88.30:57744->172.217.160.112:443: read: connection reset by peer Update Complete. #应试不是pod网络的问题 应该是那个权限的问题 [root@master tmp]# helm install stable/redis --dry-run Error: no available release name found #国内网安装 helm init --upgrade -i registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/tiller:v2.9.1 --stable-repo-url https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/charts
https://helm.sh/docs/using_helm/#role-based-access-control
usage
国内源
helm repo add stable http://mirror.azure.cn/kubernetes/charts/
停止代理fq
vim /etc/profile . /etc/profile vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service systemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart docker systemctl stop privoxy systemctl stop privoxy
开启代理fq
vim /etc/profile . /etc/profile systemctl start shadowsocks.service systemctl start privoxy vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service systemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart docker
常用命令
[root@master tmp]# helm repo list NAME URL stable https://kubernetes-charts.storage.googleapis.com local http://127.0.0.1:8879/charts helm repo update [root@master tmp]# helm repo update Hang tight while we grab the latest from your chart repositories... ...Skip local chart repository ...Successfully got an update from the "stable" chart repository Update Complete. [root@master tmp]# helm search redis NAME CHART VERSION APP VERSION DESCRIPTION stable/prometheus-redis-exporter 2.0.2 0.28.0 Prometheus exporter for Redis metrics stable/redis 8.0.16 5.0.5 Open source, advanced key-value store. It is often referr... stable/redis-ha 3.6.1 5.0.5 Highly available Kubernetes implementation of Redis stable/sensu 0.2.3 0.28 Sensu monitoring framework backed by the Redis transport # helm repo list NAME URL stable http://mirror.azure.cn/kubernetes/charts/ local http://127.0.0.1:8879/charts [root@master tmp]# helm search mysql NAME CHART VERSION APP VERSION DESCRIPTION stable/mysql 1.2.2 5.7.14 Fast, reliable, scalable, and easy to use open-source rel... stable/mysqldump 2.4.2 2.4.1 A Helm chart to help backup MySQL databases using mysqldump stable/prometheus-mysql-exporter 0.5.0 v0.11.0 A Helm chart for prometheus mysql exporter with cloudsqlp... stable/percona 1.1.0 5.7.17 free, fully compatible, enhanced, open source drop-in rep... stable/percona-xtradb-cluster 1.0.0 5.7.19 free, fully compatible, enhanced, open source drop-in rep... stable/phpmyadmin 2.2.5 4.9.0-1 phpMyAdmin is an mysql administration frontend stable/gcloud-sqlproxy 0.6.1 1.11 DEPRECATED Google Cloud SQL Proxy stable/mariadb 6.5.4 10.3.16 Fast, reliable, scalable, and easy to use open-source rel... evan@ubuntu18:~$ kubectl get service NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE hoping-chipmunk-redis-headless ClusterIP None <none> 6379/TCP 11h hoping-chipmunk-redis-master ClusterIP 10.96.160.69 <none> 6379/TCP 11h hoping-chipmunk-redis-slave ClusterIP 10.109.192.53 <none> 6379/TCP 11h
uninstall
kubectl delete -f rbac-config.yaml kubectl delete deployment tiller-deploy --namespace kube-system kubectl delete deployment tiller-deploy -n kube-system deployment.extensions "tiller-deploy" deleted 过一阵就会不见 helm reset $helm reset 或 $helm reset -f(强制删除k8s集群上的pod.) 当要移除helm init创建的目录等数据时,执行helm reset --remove-helm-home kubectl get pod --all-namespaces 重装，再init一次 rm -rf /root/.helm/ # helm init --service-account tiller --upgrade $HELM_HOME has been configured at /root/.helm. Tiller (the Helm server-side component) has been upgraded to the current version.
install on helm
helm --debug install stable/redis
evan@ubuntu18:~$ helm install stable/redis
NAME: hoping-chipmunk
LAST DEPLOYED: Sun Jul 7 14:53:22 2019
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: DEPLOYED
RESOURCES:
==> v1/ConfigMap
NAME DATA AGE
hoping-chipmunk-redis 3 3s
NOTES:
** Please be patient while the chart is being deployed **
Redis can be accessed via port 6379 on the following DNS names from within your cluster:
hoping-chipmunk-redis-master.default.svc.cluster.local for read/write operations
hoping-chipmunk-redis-slave.default.svc.cluster.local for read-only operations
To get your password run:
export REDIS_PASSWORD=$(kubectl get secret --namespace default hoping-chipmunk-redis -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 --decode)
To connect to your Redis server:
1. Run a Redis pod that you can use as a client:
kubectl run --namespace default hoping-chipmunk-redis-client --rm --tty -i --restart='Never' \
--env REDIS_PASSWORD=$REDIS_PASSWORD \
--image docker.io/bitnami/redis:5.0.5-debian-9-r36 -- bash
sudo apt install redis-tools
2. Connect using the Redis CLI:
redis-cli -h hoping-chipmunk-redis-master -a $REDIS_PASSWORD
redis-cli -h hoping-chipmunk-redis-slave -a $REDIS_PASSWORD
To connect to your database from outside the cluster execute the following commands:
kubectl port-forward --namespace default svc/hoping-chipmunk-redis 6379:6379 &
redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 -a $REDIS_PASSWORD
evan@ubuntu18:~$ redis-cli -h hoping-chipmunk-redis-slave -a $REDIS_PASSWORD
Could not connect to Redis at hoping-chipmunk-redis-slave:6379: Temporary failure in name resolution
Could not connect to Redis at hoping-chipmunk-redis-slave:6379: Temporary failure in name resolution
not connected>
charts
evan@ubuntu18:~$ helm create hello-helm
Creating hello-helm
evan@ubuntu18:~$ tree hello-helm
hello-helm
├── charts
├── Chart.yaml
├── templates
│ ├── deployment.yaml
│ ├── _helpers.tpl
│ ├── ingress.yaml
│ ├── NOTES.txt
│ ├── service.yaml
│ └── tests
│ └── test-connection.yaml
└── values.yaml
我们通过查看 templates 目录下面的 deployment.yaml 文件可以看出默认创建的 Chart 是一个 nginx 服务，具体的每个文件是干什么用的，我们可以前往 [https://docs.helm.sh/developing_charts/#charts Helm 官方文档] 进行查看
安装下这个 Chart
helm install ./hello-helm
NAME: voting-beetle
LAST DEPLOYED: Mon Jul 8 02:50:04 2019
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: DEPLOYED
RESOURCES:
==> v1/Deployment
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
voting-beetle-hello-helm 0/1 0 0 1s
==> v1/Pod(related)
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
voting-beetle-hello-helm-7f44bd998d-mcxsl 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 0s
==> v1/Service
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
voting-beetle-hello-helm ClusterIP 10.107.95.218 <none> 80/TCP 1s
NOTES:
1. Get the application URL by running these commands:
export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace default -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=hello-helm,app.kubernetes.io/instance=voting-beetle" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")
echo "Visit http://127.0.0.1:8080 to use your application"
kubectl port-forward $POD_NAME 8080:80
evan@ubuntu18:~$ kubectl port-forward $POD_NAME 8080:80
error: unable to forward port because pod is not running. Current status=Pending
echo $POD_NAME
voting-beetle-hello-helm-7f44bd998d-mcxsl
~]# helm list
NAME REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION NAMESPACE
tailored-armadillo 1 Wed Jul 10 20:09:47 2019 DEPLOYED hello-helm-0.1.0 1.0 default
https://www.kubernetes.org.cn/3435.html
helm 应用
使用Helm在DigitalOcean Kubernetes上设置Nginx入口
her
van@ubuntu18:~$ tiller log [main] 2019/07/01 07:38:02 Starting Tiller v2.14.0 (tls=false) [main] 2019/07/01 07:38:02 GRPC listening on :44134 [main] 2019/07/01 07:38:02 Probes listening on :44135 [main] 2019/07/01 07:38:02 Storage driver is ConfigMap [main] 2019/07/01 07:38:02 Max history per release is 0
log
[root@master tmp]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l app=helm NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE tiller-deploy-788b748dc8-d6pbz 1/1 Running 0 12m [root@master tmp]# kubectl logs tiller-deploy-788b748dc8-d6pbz --namespace=kube-system [storage/driver] 2019/07/06 02:09:50 get: failed to get "running-seastar.v1": Get https://10.96.0.1:443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/configmaps/running-seastar.v1: dial tcp 10.96.0.1:443: i/o timeout [tiller] 2019/07/06 02:09:50 info: generated name running-seastar is taken. Searching again. [storage] 2019/07/06 02:09:50 getting release "wise-tiger.v1" [storage/driver] 2019/07/06 02:10:20 get: failed to get "wise-tiger.v1": Get https://10.96.0.1:443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/configmaps/wise-tiger.v1: dial tcp 10.96.0.1:443: i/o timeout [tiller] 2019/07/06 02:10:20 info: generated name wise-tiger is taken. Searching again. [storage] 2019/07/06 02:10:20 getting release "winning-peahen.v1" [storage/driver] 2019/07/06 02:10:50 get: failed to get "winning-peahen.v1": Get https://10.96.0.1:443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/configmaps/winning-peahen.v1: dial tcp 10.96.0.1:443: i/o timeout 10.96.0 这段的IP docker and profile 也FQ 在原来的no 列表去掉
trouble
Error: no available release name found
helm install stable/redis --dry-run
Error: no available release name found
tiller log 如下
[root@master tmp]# helm ls
Error: Get https://10.96.0.1:443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/configmaps?labelSelector=OWNER%!D(MISSING)TILLER: dial tcp 10.96.0.1:443: i/o timeout
解决办法
#其实一开始我也有用这个的哦
kubectl patch deploy --namespace kube-system tiller-deploy -p '{"spec":{"template":{"spec":{"serviceAccount":"tiller"}}}}'
上面这一步非常重要，不然后面在使用 Helm 的过程中可能出现 Error: no available release name found 的错误信息。
解说
创建了 tiller 的 ServceAccount 后还没完，因为我们的 Tiller 之前已经就部署成功了，而且是没有指定 ServiceAccount 的，所以我们需要给 Tiller 打上一个 ServiceAccount 的补丁
中间还买了两台vulrt 机器 确定了不是网络FQ问题
pull err
kubectl describe pod tiller-deploy-7bf78cdbf7-j65sx --namespace=kube-system Events: Type Reason Age From Message ---- ------ ---- ---- ------- Normal Scheduled 31m default-scheduler Successfully assigned kube-system/tiller-deploy-7bf78cdbf7-j65sx to node2 Normal Pulling 29m (x4 over 31m) kubelet, node2 Pulling image "gcr.io/kubernetes-helm/tiller:v2.14.1" Warning Failed 28m (x4 over 30m) kubelet, node2 Failed to pull image "gcr.io/kubernetes-helm/tiller:v2.14.1": rpc error: code = Unknown desc = Error response from daemon: Get https://gcr.io/v2/: net/http: request canceled while waiting for connection (Client.Timeout exceeded while awaiting headers) Warning Failed 28m (x4 over 30m) kubelet, node2 Error: ErrImagePull Normal BackOff 28m (x6 over 30m) kubelet, node2 Back-off pulling image "gcr.io/kubernetes-helm/tiller:v2.14.1" Warning Failed 58s (x120 over 30m) kubelet, node2 Error: ImagePullBackOff 可见 node2上的docker 代理有问题 打开FQ 和代理 搞定 还是不成功呢 [root@node2 ~]# docker pull gcr.io/kubernetes-helm/tiller:v2.14.1 [root@node2 ~]# docker pull gcr.io/kubernetes-helm/tiller:v2.14.1 Error response from daemon: Get https://gcr.io/v2/: net/http: TLS handshake timeout
other err
disabled" RBAC 的问题么
If you get no available release error in helm, it is likely due to the RBAC issue.
[root@master tmp]# helm install stable/redis --dry-run
Error: no available release name found
建了 tiller 的 ServceAccount 后还没完，因为我们的 Tiller 之前已经就部署成功了，而且是没有指定 ServiceAccount 的，所以我们需要给 Tiller 打上一个 ServiceAccount 的补丁：
$ kubectl patch deploy --namespace kube-system tiller-deploy -p '{"spec":{"template":{"spec":{"serviceAccount":"tiller"}}}}'
上面这一步非常重要，不然后面在使用 Helm 的过程中可能出现 Error: no available release name found 的错误信息。
kubectl logs tiller-deploy-788b748dc8-d6pbz --namespace=kube-system
[storage] 2019/07/06 03:14:35 getting release "plundering-orangutan.v1"
[storage/driver] 2019/07/06 03:15:05 get: failed to get "plundering-orangutan.v1": Get https://10.96.0.1:443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/configmaps/plundering-orangutan.v1: dial tcp 10.96.0.1:443: i/o timeout
helm --debug install stable/redis
感觉不通
[root@master ~]# curl https://10.96.0.1:443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/configmaps/coiled-elk.v1 -k
{
"kind": "Status",
"apiVersion": "v1",
"metadata": {
},
"status": "Failure",
"message": "configmaps \"coiled-elk.v1\" is forbidden: User \"system:anonymous\" cannot get resource \"configmaps\" in API group \"\" in the namespace \"kube-system\"",
"reason": "Forbidden",
"details": {
"name": "coiled-elk.v1",
"kind": "configmaps"
},
"code": 403
[root@master tmp]# kubectl --namespace=kube-system edit deployment/tiller-deploy
Edit cancelled, no changes made.
[root@master tmp]# kubectl create serviceaccount --namespace kube-system tiller
Error from server (AlreadyExists): serviceaccounts "tiller" already exists
[root@master tmp]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding tiller-cluster-rule --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:tiller
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/tiller-cluster-rule created
[root@master tmp]# kubectl patch deploy --namespace kube-system tiller-deploy -p '{"spec":{"template":{"spec":{"serviceAccount":"tiller"}}}}'
deployment.extensions/tiller-deploy patched (no change)
root@master tmp]# helm install stable/redis
Error: failed to download "stable/redis" (hint: running `helm repo update` may help)
Solved] Helm – Error: no available release name found
helm 3
install helm 3
wget -c https://get.helm.sh/helm-v3.0.0-alpha.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz tar xvf helm-v3.0.0-alpha.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz mv linux-amd64/helm /usr/local/bin/ helm init
usage
# helm install stable/redis --generate-name
NAME: redis-1562510931
LAST DEPLOYED: 2019-07-07 22:48:59.717787296 +0800 CST m=+8.635515663
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
NOTES:
** Please be patient while the chart is being deployed **
Redis can be accessed via port 6379 on the following DNS names from within your cluster:
redis-1562510931-master.default.svc.cluster.local for read/write operations
redis-1562510931-slave.default.svc.cluster.local for read-only operations
To get your password run:
export REDIS_PASSWORD=$(kubectl get secret --namespace default redis-1562510931 -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 --decode)
To connect to your Redis server:
1. Run a Redis pod that you can use as a client:
kubectl run --namespace default redis-1562510931-client --rm --tty -i --restart='Never' \
--env REDIS_PASSWORD=$REDIS_PASSWORD \
--image docker.io/bitnami/redis:5.0.5-debian-9-r36 -- bash
2. Connect using the Redis CLI:
redis-cli -h redis-1562510931-master -a $REDIS_PASSWORD
redis-cli -h redis-1562510931-slave -a $REDIS_PASSWORD
To connect to your database from outside the cluster execute the following commands:
kubectl port-forward --namespace default svc/redis-1562510931 6379:6379 &
redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 -a $REDIS_PASSWORD
ubuntu history
1384 helm reset
1385 cat >> rbac-config.yaml <<EOF
1386 apiVersion: v1
1387 kind: ServiceAccount
1388 metadata:
1389 name: tiller
1390 namespace: kube-system
1391 ---
1392 apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
1393 kind: ClusterRoleBinding
1394 metadata:
1395 name: tiller
1396 roleRef:
1397 apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
1398 kind: ClusterRole
1399 name: cluster-admin
1400 subjects:
1401 - kind: ServiceAccount
1402 name: tiller
1403 namespace: kube-system
1404 EOF
1405 kubectl create -f rbac-config.yaml
1406 kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l app=helm
1407 kubectl get deploy --namespace kube-system tiller-deploy --output yaml|grep serviceAccount
mv .helm .helmbak
1410 helm init --service-account tiller
1411 helm version
1412 kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l app=helm
1416 kubectl describe pod tiller-deploy-598f58dd45-57cmf --namespace=kube-system
1417 kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l app=helm
1418 helm reset
1420 rm -rf .helm
1421 kubectl apply -f rbac-config.yaml
1424 helm init --service-account tiller
1425 kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l app=helm
1427 kubectl patch deploy --namespace kube-system tiller-deploy -p '{"spec":{"template":{"spec":{"serviceAccount":"tiller"}}}}'
1428 kubectl get pods -n kube-system
1429 helm search redis
1430 helm install stable/redis
see also
https://github.com/helm/helm/blob/master/docs/install.md
Kubernetes 1.13 完全入门 (14) Helm 包管理器 一
