查看“RPM Macros”的源代码


== Valid RPM Macros ==

Here are the definitions for some common specfile macros as they are defined on Fedora 13 (rpm-4.8.0-14.fc13). For definitions of more macros, examine the output of "<code>rpm --showrc</code>". To see the expanded definition of a macro use the command&nbsp;<code>rpm --eval "%{macro}"</code>. Note that neither command will take into account macros defined inside specfiles, but both will take into account macros defined in your&nbsp;<code>~/.rpmmacros</code>&nbsp;file and macros defined on the command line.

Keep in mind that some of these macros may evaluate differently on older Fedora or EPEL releases.

=== Macros mimicking autoconf variables ===
<pre>%{_sysconfdir}        /etc
%{_prefix}            /usr
%{_exec_prefix}      &nbsp;%{_prefix}
%{_bindir}           &nbsp;%{_exec_prefix}/bin
%{_libdir}           &nbsp;%{_exec_prefix}/%{_lib}
%{_libexecdir}       &nbsp;%{_exec_prefix}/libexec
%{_sbindir}          &nbsp;%{_exec_prefix}/sbin
%{_sharedstatedir}    /var/lib
%{_datarootdir}      &nbsp;%{_prefix}/share
%{_datadir}          &nbsp;%{_datarootdir}
%{_includedir}       &nbsp;%{_prefix}/include
%{_infodir}           /usr/share/info
%{_mandir}            /usr/share/man
%{_localstatedir}     /var
%{_initddir}         &nbsp;%{_sysconfdir}/rc.d/init.d
</pre>

&nbsp;

'''Differences in EPEL 4 & 5'''

*<code>%{_initddir}</code>&nbsp;does not exist in EPEL 4 & 5, use the deprecated&nbsp;<code>%{_initrddir}</code>&nbsp;macro instead 
*<code>%{_sharedstatedir}</code>&nbsp;expands to&nbsp;<code>%{_prefix}/com</code>&nbsp;in EPEL 4 & 5 


=== Other macros and variables for paths ===

These macros should be used for paths that are not covered by the macros mimicking autoconf variables. The&nbsp;<code>%{buildroot}</code>&nbsp;macro or the&nbsp;<code>$RPM_BUILD_ROOT</code>&nbsp;variable is the directory that should be assumed to be the root file system when installing files. It is used as the value for the&nbsp;<code>DESTDIR</code>&nbsp;variable.
<pre>%{_var}               /var
%{_tmppath}          &nbsp;%{_var}/tmp
%{_usr}               /usr
%{_usrsrc}           &nbsp;%{_usr}/src
%{_lib}               lib (lib64 on 64bit multilib systems)
%{_docdir}           &nbsp;%{_datadir}/doc
%{buildroot}         &nbsp;%{_buildrootdir}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{_arch}
$RPM_BUILD_ROOT      %{buildroot}
</pre>

=== Build flags macros and variables ===

These macros should be used as flags for the compiler or linker. Note that the values for the macros below reflect the settings on Fedora 13 (i686) with redhat-rpm-config installed.
<pre>%{__global_cflags}   -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4
%{optflags}         &nbsp;%{__global_cflags} -m32 -march=i686 -mtune=atom -fasynchronous-unwind-tables
$RPM_OPT_FLAGS      &nbsp;%{optflags}
</pre>

&nbsp;

=== RPM directory macros ===

The macros are usually used with&nbsp;<code>rpmbuild --define</code>&nbsp;to specify which directories rpmbuild should use, it is unusual to use them within SPEC files.
<pre>%{_topdir}           &nbsp;%{getenv:HOME}/rpmbuild
%{_builddir}         &nbsp;%{_topdir}/BUILD
%{_rpmdir}           &nbsp;%{_topdir}/RPMS
%{_sourcedir}        &nbsp;%{_topdir}/SOURCES
%{_specdir}          &nbsp;%{_topdir}/SPECS
%{_srcrpmdir}        &nbsp;%{_topdir}/SRPMS
%{_buildrootdir}     &nbsp;%{_topdir}/BUILDROOT
</pre>

&nbsp;

'''Differences in EPEL 4 & 5'''

*<code>%{_buildrootdir}</code>&nbsp;does not exist in EPEL 4 & 5 

&nbsp;

[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Packaging:RPMMacros?rd=Packaging/RPMMacros https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Packaging:RPMMacros?rd=Packaging/RPMMacros]

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

[[Category:ops]]