查看“Docker-compose教程”的源代码



可以 Dockerfile 创建容器，docker-compse实现部署 或者直接用官方的img 利用docker-compse实现部署

=introduce=
<pre>
Compose项目来源于之前的fig项目，使用python语言编写,与docker/swarm配合度很高。

工程、服务、容器

    Docker Compose 将所管理的容器分为三层，分别是工程（project）、服务（service）、容器（container）
    Docker Compose 运行目录下的所有文件（docker-compose.yml）组成一个工程,一个工程包含多个服务，每个服务中定义了容器运行的镜像、参数、依赖，一个服务可包括多个容器实例





Compose 是 Docker 容器进行编排的工具，定义和运行多容器的应用，可以一条命令启动多个容器，使用Docker Compose不再需要使用shell脚本来启动容器。 

Compose 通过一个配置文件来管理多个Docker容器，在配置文件中，所有的容器通过services来定义，然后使用docker-compose脚本来启动，停止和重启应用，和应用中的服务以及所有依赖服务的容器，非常适合组合使用多个容器进行开发的场景。

docker-compose默认的模板文件是 docker-compose.yml，其中定义的每个服务都必须通过 image 指令指定镜像或 build 指令（需要 Dockerfile）来自动构建。

其它大部分指令都跟 docker run 中的类似。
如果使用 build 指令，在 Dockerfile 中设置的选项(例如：CMD, EXPOSE, VOLUME, ENV 等) 将会自动被获取，无需在 docker-compose.yml 中再次设置。

使用Compose 基本上分为三步：
1.Dockerfile 定义应用的运行环境
2.docker-compose.yml 定义组成应用的各服务
3.docker-compose up 启动整个应用
--------------------- 

Compose 项目是 Docker 官方的开源项目，负责实现对 Docker 容器集群的快速编排。

在日常工作中，经常会碰到需要多个容器相互配合来完成某项任务的情况。例如要实现一个 Web 项目，除了 Web服务容器本身，往往还需要再加上后端的数据库服务容器，甚至还包括负载均衡容器等。

Compose 恰好满足了这样的需求。它允许用户通过一个单独的 docker-compose.yml 模板文件（YAML 格式）来定义一组相关联的应用容器为一个项目。

Compose 中有两个重要的概念：

    服务 (service)：一个应用的容器，实际上可以包括若干运行相同镜像的容器实例。

    项目 (project)：由一组关联的应用容器组成的一个完整业务单元，在 docker-compose.yml 文件中定义。

</pre>

=Docker-compose常用命令=
<pre>

#日志过滤
docker logs xx -f 2>&1| grep --line-buffered xxx
docker-compose --help

docker-compose up -d nginx                     构建建启动nignx容器 # #这个是写在yml里面的server名  查看 文件, 不是容器名

docker-compose exec nginx bash            登录到nginx容器中

docker-compose down                              删除所有nginx容器,镜像

docker-compose ps                                   显示所有容器

docker-compose restart nginx                   重新启动nginx容器 #这个是写在yml里面的server名  不是容器名

docker-compose run --no-deps --rm php-fpm php -v  在php-fpm中不启动关联容器，并容器执行php -v 执行完成后删除容器

docker-compose build nginx                     构建镜像 。        

docker-compose build --no-cache nginx   不带缓存的构建。

docker-compose logs  nginx                     查看nginx的日志 

docker-compose logs -f nginx                   查看nginx的实时日志
 

docker-compose config  -q                        验证（docker-compose.yml）文件配置，当配置正确时，不输出任何内容，当文件配置错误，输出错误信息。 

docker-compose events --json nginx       以json的形式输出nginx的docker日志

docker-compose pause nginx                 暂停nignx容器

docker-compose unpause nginx             恢复ningx容器

docker-compose rm nginx                       删除容器（删除前必须关闭容器）

docker-compose stop nginx                    停止nignx容器

docker-compose start nginx                    启动nignx容器

docker-compose exec nginx nginx -t
docker-compose exec nginx nginx -s reload


note:
docker-compose   知道补充

docker-compose  ps 
          Name                        Command               State                        Ports                      
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
docker4jenkins_jenkins_1   /sbin/tini -- /usr/local/b ...   Up      0.0.0.0:50000->50000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:7099->8080/tcp

 docker-compose  stop  jenkins #后面是加server名  服务名称
 
 docker-compose.yml 
 
 services:
  jenkins:
    image: jenkins/jenkins:lts

所以 
docker-compose  start   jenkins
</pre>

=install=
<pre>
#方法1 如果是国内网络太慢 可以把变量换成对应的值 然后先在desktop 下载回来 
sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.24.0/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

#方法 2  有时axel最快了
#https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.24.0/docker-compose-linux-x86_64   -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/docker-compose /usr/bin/docker-compose
$  docker-compose --version
docker-compose version 1.24.0, build 0aa59064</pre>

=Get started with Docker Compose=
==Step 1: Setup==
===1.Create a directory for the project:===
<pre> mkdir composetest &&  cd composetest</pre>
===Create a file called app.py in your project directory and paste this in:===
<pre>import time

import redis
from flask import Flask

app = Flask(__name__)
cache = redis.Redis(host='redis', port=6379)


def get_hit_count():
    retries = 5
    while True:
        try:
            return cache.incr('hits')
        except redis.exceptions.ConnectionError as exc:
            if retries == 0:
                raise exc
            retries -= 1
            time.sleep(0.5)


@app.route('/')
def hello():
    count = get_hit_count()
    return 'Hello World! I have been seen {} times.\n'.format(count)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(host="0.0.0.0", debug=True)  </pre>
===3.Create another file called requirements.txt in your project directory and paste this in===
<pre>flask
redis</pre>
==Step 2: Create a Dockerfile==
<pre>
FROM python:3.4-alpine
ADD . /code
WORKDIR /code
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
CMD ["python", "app.py"]</pre>
==Step 3: Define services in a Compose file==
===Create a file called docker-compose.yml===
<pre>
version: '3'
services:
  web:
    build: .
    ports:
     - "5000:5000"
  redis:
    image: "redis:alpine"
</pre>
==Step 4: Build and run your app with Compose==
<pre>docker-compose up -d# (后台运行这些containers) 还是这个好 
#马上访问就行了 哈哈 不用一直等
web_1    |    Use a production WSGI server instead.
web_1    |  * Debug mode: on
web_1    |  * Running on http://0.0.0.0:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
web_1    |  * Restarting with stat

Enter http://0.0.0.0:5000/ in a browser to see the application running.</pre>

==Step 5: Edit the Compose file to add a bind mount==
Edit docker-compose.yml in your project directory to add a bind mount for the web service:
<pre>
version: '3'
services:
  web:
    build: .
    ports:
     - "5000:5000"
    volumes:
     - .:/code
  redis:
    image: "redis:alpine"
#胶布的端口是机器的5000 后面的端口是容器的5000  volumes 也是这样顺序
</pre>
The new volumes key mounts the project directory (current directory) on the host to /code inside the container, allowing you to modify the code on the fly, without having to rebuild the image 把当前目录mounts 到容器的/code

   volumes:
     - ~/test/composetest:/code  #   将主机的当前目录映射为容器内部的 /code数据卷           把当前目录 ~/test/composetest mounts 到容器的/code


<pre>
eg:

#容器
evan@latop:~/test/composetest$ docker exec -it b4f882c81522 /bin/sh 
/code # pwd
/code
/code # ls 
Dockerfile           app.py               app.py~              docker-compose.yml   docker-compose.yml~  requirements.txt

#母机
evan@latop:~/test/composetest$ ls 
app.py  app.py~  docker-compose.yml  docker-compose.yml~  Dockerfile  requirements.txt


</pre>

==Step 6: Re-build and run the app with Compose==
From your project directory, type docker-compose up to build the app with the updated Compose file, and run it.
==Step 7: Update the application==
Because the application code is now mounted into the container using a volume, you can make changes to its code and see the changes instantly, without having to rebuild the image. 可见 有mount 后 只改变母机的不用rebuild 了

Change the greeting in app.py and save it. For example, change the Hello World! message to Hello from Docker!:

return 'Hello from Docker! I have been seen {} times.\n'.format(count)

Refresh the app in your browser. The greeting should be updated, and the counter should still be incrementing.

=常用参数=
==ports==
 HOST:CONTAINER格式或者只是指定容器的端口，宿主机会随机映射端口。

 基本遵循规则是从宿主机映射到容器，默认是tcp，如果使用udp，比如5600，要记得在运行时或者yaml文件端口处比如写：5000/udp

[https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_34050005/article/details/94609741  docker和docker-compose 端口映射]

==links／external_links参数==
<pre>
-link  同一个物理机之前  


external_links
Docker平台的组合功能提供了一个叫“外部链接”(“external_links”)的设置选项，能用来接连那些在不同组合文件中定义的容器：

eg 
    hostname: rabbitmq02
    extra_hosts:
      - "rabbitmq01:10.3.10.141" #前面是hostname 后面是ip 


</pre>

[https://blog.csdn.net/kongxx/article/details/38676917 Docker使用Link在容器之间建立连接]

[https://sdk.cn/news/7643 Docker的组合功能：如何用external_links选项连接组合文件外部定义的容器]

[https://www.cnblogs.com/liyuanhong/articles/5851251.html 如何使不同主机上的docker容器互相通信]

[https://www.jianshu.com/p/aa984711df80 docker compose 中难缠的网络问题]
==privileged ==
<pre>
run on command 

docker run \
--detach \
-p 8095:8080 \
--privileged \
-m 4096M \
--name jira \
evan886/jira:latest

on yml file 

web:
  image: an_image-image:1.0
  container_name: my-container
  privileged: true
  entrypoint: ["/usr/sbin/init"]
  ports:
    - "8280:8280"

</pre>
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/69052575/how-to-bring-up-a-docker-compose-container-as-privileged how to bring up a docker-compose container as privileged]

=trouble=
==  509==
<pre>

docker x509: certificate has expired or is not yet valid

1.如果是系统时间问题好办,直接更新一下就行了:

ntpdate cn.pool.ntp.or


</pre>

[https://www.jianshu.com/p/088c67a41f3c 解决docker x509: certificate has expired or is not yet valid]
==Question ==
<pre>
docker-compose up

ERROR: Couldn't connect to Docker daemon at http+docker://localhost - is it running?
If it's at a non-standard location, specify the URL with the DOCKER_HOST environment variable. </pre>


== solve==
<pre>
Use the command  sudo systemctl edit docker.service  to open an override file for docker.service in a text editor.

Add or modify the following lines, substituting your own values.

[Service]
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H tcp://127.0.0.1:2375 -H unix:///var/run/docker.sock
Save the file.

Reload the systemctl configuration.

 $ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
Restart Docker:

 $ sudo systemctl restart docker.service
Check to see whether the change was honored by reviewing the output of netstat to confirm dockerd is listening on the configured port.

$ sudo netstat -lntp | grep dockerd
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:2375          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3758/dockerd

vim ~/.bashrc
export DOCKER_HOST=tcp://localhost:2375

</pre>

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27763340/docker-opts-do-not-work-in-config-file-etc-default-docker

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44678725/cannot-connect-to-the-docker-daemon-at-unix-var-run-docker-sock-is-the-docker

其它办法 没过过 正确的是将当前用户加入docker组
jing@ubuntu:/tmp/docker$ sudo gpasswd -a ${USER} docker

=see also=
使用文档 
[https://www.jianshu.com/p/658911a8cff3 Docker：Docker Compose 详解]

[https://www.jianshu.com/p/2217cfed29d7 Docker Compose 配置文件详解]



安装文档吧  
官方文档永远是最帅的

https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/#install-compose

[https://my.oschina.net/u/4126211/blog/4550816 Docker 容器编排利器 Docker Compose]

[https://www.jianshu.com/p/658911a8cff3 Docker：Docker Compose 详解]

[https://www.cnblogs.com/moxiaoan/p/9299404.html Docker-compose常用命令]

[https://blog.csdn.net/wanghailong041/article/details/52162293 Docker-compose命令详解]

https://docs.docker.com/compose/gettingstarted/

[https://www.cnblogs.com/zhujingzhi/p/9786622.html  Docker三剑客之Docker Compose]

https://blog.csdn.net/zhugeaming2018/article/details/81518327

[https://www.cnblogs.com/regit/p/8309959.html docker-compose常用命令]

[https://www.jianshu.com/p/658911a8cff3 Docker：Docker Compose 详解]


[https://beginor.github.io/2017/06/08/use-compose-instead-of-run.html 使用 docker-compose 替代 docker run]

[https://www.cnblogs.com/ee900222/p/docker_5.html Docker系列之（五）：使用Docker Compose编排容器]


[https://blog.csdn.net/u011781521/article/details/80464826 Docker(四)----Docker-Compose 详解]

[https://blog.csdn.net/u014799292/article/details/79094015 安装docker-compose并统一拉取镜像]

[https://blog.csdn.net/zhugeaming2018/article/details/81518327 『中级篇』Docker Compose的安装和基本使用（39）]

[https://blog.csdn.net/smartdt/article/details/78431618 Docker学习(6)Docker Compose介绍和编配]

[https://blog.csdn.net/hujyhfwfh2/article/details/83934415 Docker-Docker Compose]

[https://blog.csdn.net/yuzhongzi81/article/details/79295672 小白学Docker之Compose]

[https://blog.csdn.net/pushiqiang/article/details/78682323 docker-compose教程安装，使用, 快速入门]

[https://www.cnblogs.com/JulianHuang/p/10919346.html docker-compose是个好东西，越用越香]


[https://www.cnblogs.com/accordion/p/10450952.html 一步步学会用docker部署应用(nodejs版)]

[http://www.cnblogs.com/sammyliu/p/5932996.html 理解Docker（8）：Docker 存储之卷（Volume）]

[http://dockone.io/article/128 深入理解Docker Volume（一）]

[http://www.cnblogs.com/zhengran/p/4212519.html 深入理解Docker Volume（一）]

[[Docker-compose搭建nginx+php+mysql]]

[[category:容器]][[category: container]] [[category: compose]]