Nginx+uwsgi+python2.6 on centos6

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nginx+uwsgi+python2.6 on centos6

准备开始

  • 这个算了成功了 谢谢不死的帮忙

我的 相关环境 os centos6.8 64bit

python 2.6.6

django 1.4

update pip and setuptools

##其实这种升级不是必要的 如果你是用系统自带的py2.6的话  总之 py2.6的pip很不好用就对了 你懂的 

git clone https://github.com/pypa/setuptools.git
cd  setuptools/command && python  setup.py  install

wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/11/b6/abcb525026a4be042b486df43905d6893fb04f05aac21c32c638e939e447/pip-9.0.1.tar.gz  && tar xvf pip-9.0.1.tar.gz && cd pip-9.0.1/
sudo python setup.py install 

find / -name "pip*"
/usr/local/python27/bin/pip
ln -s /usr/local/python27/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip


install uwsgi

介绍
uWSGI是一个Web服务器，它实现了WSGI协议、uwsgi、http等协议。Nginx中HttpUwsgiModule的作用是与uWSGI服务器进行交换。
要注意 WSGI / uwsgi / uWSGI 这三个概念的区分。
WSGI看过前面小节的同学很清楚了，是一种通信协议。
uwsgi是一种线路协议而不是通信协议，在此常用于在uWSGI服务器与其他网络服务器的数据通信。
而uWSGI是实现了uwsgi和WSGI两种协议的Web服务器。
uwsgi协议是一个uWSGI服务器自有的协议，它用于定义传输信息的类型（type of information），每一个uwsgi packet前4byte为传输信息类型描述，它与WSGI相比是两样东西。


# 安装编译需要的程序包

#RHEL 系列
yum install -y  python-devel  uwsgi-plugin-python  libxml2-devel libxml2 -y


# 如果没有mysql库，为保证Django正常工作，需要安装mysql库
pip install mysql-python


#如果是debian 系列
apt-get install build-essential python-dev


rpm -ivh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

yum  install uwsgi -y 



##注意 我在cenots6  py 2.6  的环境 pip 安装uwsgi 不成功 
#update pip 
pip install --upgrade pip


pip install uwsgi

[root@iZt4n6t1p8ke09xqd64bqqZ Django-1.4.22]# /usr/bin/pip2.6  install uwsgi 
You are using pip version 7.1.0, however version 9.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.


 *** error linking uWSGI ***
    
    ----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-hW2oK6/uwsgi/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-07QGTP-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-hW2oK6/uwsgi



*源码安装
# 从官网下载uwsgi源码包 : http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
cd uwsgi-2.0.13.1
 
python setup.py install

#或者

wget -c https://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-2.0.15.tar.gz
tar zxvf uwsgi-0.9.9.2.tar.gz
cd uwsgi-0.9.9.2
make -f Makefile.Py26 #指定你python的版本,如果你的python是2.7 就应该是 make -f Makefile.Py27
cp uwsgi /usr/sbin/uwsgi

install django

 pip install django==1.4.22 
 
 或者源码  自己下载 然后 回来 python setup.py install   
 
 #生成项目 
 django-admin.py  startproject dj
<pre>

== install nginx ==

自己的yum 或者源码  (一定要不能有 --without-http_uwsgi_module)




== 配置uwsgi nginx ==
<pre>
vim /data/apps/nginx/conf/hosts/dj.conf

# Django project  
server {
        listen  80;
        server_name dj.com;
	  charset utf-8;
        access_log /data/logs/nginx/dj.access.log;
	#allow 113.108.232.32/28;
	#deny all;
#	 日志文件统一记录在uwsgi日志文件 /data/logs/uwsgi/django.gop.yy.com.access.log 
#        index Index.php index.php index.htm index.html;
#	 图片不能用nginx缓存，不然会显示不出静态图片、css、js这些
        location ~ ^(.*)\/\.svn\/ {
            deny all;
        }
        location / {
            include    uwsgi_params;
            uwsgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9005;
            uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR  /data/www/dj/;  #django的代码放的路径
            uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT uwsgi;  #django的代码的resource_wsgi.py文件
        }
}


vim  /data/www/dj/uwsgi.py

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf8 -*-
# Author: 
# 
# Date : 2017/02/21
# 说明：resource资源管理系统在生成环境的启动配置文件，使用nginx + uwsgi 进行访问 resource资源管理系统

import os
import django

os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'dj.settings'  
import django.core.handlers.wsgi 

if django.VERSION < 1.7:
    from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIHandler
    application = WSGIHandler()
else:
    from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
    application = get_wsgi_application()
    
    



##这个配置文件 其实应该可以 试一下放到 /etc/uwsgi/  但是502 
vim  /data/www/dj/uwsgi.xml

<uwsgi>  
  <socket>127.0.0.1:9005</socket>  
  <listen>200</listen>  
  <master>true</master>  
  <pidfile>/data/logs/uwsgi/uwsgi.pid</pidfile>  
  <processes>8</processes>  

  <module>dj.wsgi</module>   
  <profiler>true</profiler>  
  <memory-report>true</memory-report>  
  <enable-threads>true</enable-threads>  
  <logdate>True</logdate>  
  <limit-as>6048</limit-as>  
  <daemonize>/data/logs/uwsgi/uwsgi.access.log</daemonize>  
</uwsgi>


#这个居然不行 不太明白 
 <module>dj.uwsgi</module> 


mkdir -p   /data/logs/uwsgi ; chown -R uwsgi:uwsgi /data/logs/uwsgi


vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.core.somaxconn = 2048 

sysctl -p

vi /etc/init.d/uwsgi


#!/bin/sh
##yum 安装的启动脚本
# uwsgi - this script starts and stops the uwsgi emperor
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description: Fast, self-healing, application container server
# processname: uwsgi
# config:      /etc/uwsgi.ini
# config:      /etc/uwsgi.d

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
PROG=/usr/sbin/uwsgi
OWNER=uwsgi
NAME=uwsgi
DESC="Fast, self-healing, application container server"
DAEMON_OPTS="--xml /data/www/dj/uwsgi.xml --daemonize/data/logs/uwsgi/uwsgi.access.log  --plugin python"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/uwsgi ] && . /etc/sysconfig/uwsgi

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/uwsgi

start () {
  echo -n "Starting $NAME $DESC: "
  daemon $PROG $DAEMON_OPTS
  retval=$?
  echo
  [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
  return $retval
}

stop () {
  echo -n "Stopping $NAME $DESC: "
  # uWSGI docs say INT is a gentler way to stop
  killproc $PROG -INT
  retval=$?
  echo
  [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
  return $retval
}

reload () {
  echo "Reloading $NAME" 
  killproc $PROG -HUP
  RETVAL=$?
  echo
}

restart () {
    stop
    start
}

rh_status () {
  status $PROG
}

rh_status_q() {
  rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
  start)
    rh_status_q && exit 0
    $1
    ;;
  stop)
    rh_status_q || exit 0
    $1
    ;;
  restart)
    $1
    ;;
  reload)
    rh_status_q || exit 7
    $1
    ;;
  status)
    rh_status
    ;;
  condrestart|try-restart)
    rh_status_q || exit 0
    restart
    ;;
  *)  
    echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|status}" >&2
    exit 2
    ;;
esac
exit 0




#*****************************

#!/bin/bash  
# chkconfig: 2345 55 25   pip 的用这个启动脚本先 
# Description: Startup script for uwsgi webserver on Debian. Place in /etc/init.d and  
# run 'update-rc.d -f uwsgi defaults', or use the appropriate command on your  
# distro. For CentOS/Redhat run: 'chkconfig --add uwsgi'  

### BEGIN INIT INFO  
# Provides:			 uwsgi  
# Required-Start:	 $all  
# Required-Stop:	  $all  
# Default-Start:	  2 3 4 5  
# Default-Stop:		0 1 6  
# Short-Description: starts the uwsgi web server  
# Description:		 starts uwsgi using start-stop-daemon  
### END INIT INFO  

PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/python27/bin/  
NAME=uwsgi 
#NAME=resource_uwsgi 
DAEMON=/usr/sbin/uwsgi  
#CONFIGFILE=/etc/uwsgi/$NAME.xml
CONFIGFILE=/data/www/dj/$NAME.xml
PIDFILE=/data/logs/uwsgi/$NAME.pid  
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME  

set -e  
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0  

do_start() {  
   [ -f "$PIDFILE" ] && echo -en "uwsgi already running!! \n" && exit 0
   $DAEMON $CONFIGFILE && echo -en "uwsgi running is ok!! \n"
}  

do_stop() {  
   $DAEMON --stop $PIDFILE || echo -en "uwsgi not running!! \n"  
   rm -f $PIDFILE  
   echo "Stop $NAME is ok!!"  
}  

do_reload() {  
   [ ! -f "$PIDFILE" ] && echo -en "uwsgi not running!! \n" && exit 0
   $DAEMON --reload $PIDFILE || echo -en "uwsgi can't reload!! \n"  
}  

do_status() {  
   ps aux|grep -v grep |grep $DAEMON || echo -en "uwagi not running!!"   
}  

case "$1" in  
 status)  
   do_status  
 ;;  
 start)  
   do_start  
 ;;  
 stop)  
   do_stop  
 ;;  
 reload|graceful)  
   do_reload  
 ;; 
 restart)  
   do_stop
   sleep 2
   do_start  
 ;;  
 *)  
   echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload}" >&2  
   exit 3  
 ;;  
esac  

exit 0


mkdir -p /data/logs/uwsgi


vim /data/www/dj/uwsgi.py

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf8 -*-
# Author: 
# 
# Date : 2017/02/21
# 说明：resource资源管理系统在生成环境的启动配置文件，使用nginx + uwsgi 进行访问 resource资源管理系统

import os
import django

os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'dj.settings'  
import django.core.handlers.wsgi 

if django.VERSION < 1.7:
    from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIHandler
    application = WSGIHandler()
else:
    from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
    application = get_wsgi_application()



vim /data/www/dj/uwsgi.xml

<uwsgi>  
  <socket>127.0.0.1:9005</socket>  
  <listen>200</listen>  
  <master>true</master>  
  <pidfile>/data/logs/uwsgi/uwsgi.pid</pidfile>  
  <processes>8</processes>  
  <!-- <module>dj.resource_uwsgi:application</module>  -->
  <module>dj.uwsgi:application</module>  
  <profiler>true</profiler>  
  <memory-report>true</memory-report>  
  <enable-threads>true</enable-threads>  
  <logdate>True</logdate>  
  <limit-as>6048</limit-as>  
  <daemonize>/data/logs/uwsgi/uwsgi.access.log</daemonize>  
</uwsgi>


知识拓展

uwsgi参数说明

[uwsgi]
uid = nginx #使用nginx用户和组
gid = nginx
chdir = /usr/local/myapp #指定项目目录
module = myapp.wsgi #加载myapp/wsgi.py这个模块
master = true  #启动主进程。
processes = 2 #启动2个工作进程
listen = 120 #设置socket的监听队列大小（默认：100）
socket = /test/myapp.sock#指定socket文件
socket = 127.0.0.1:8080
pidfile = /var/run/uwsgi.pid #指定pid文件
vacuum = true #当服务器退出的时候自动删除unixsocket文件和pid文件。
enable-threads = true #允许用内嵌的语言启动线程。这将允许你在app程序中产生一个子线程
buffer-size = 32768 #设置用于uwsgi包解析的内部缓存区大小为64k。默认是4k。
  
reload-mercy = 8 #设置在平滑的重启（直到接收到的请求处理完才重启）一个工作子进程中，等待这个工作结束的最长秒数。这个配置会使在平滑地重启工作子进程中，如果工作进程结束时间超过了8秒就会被强行结束（忽略之前已经接收到的请求而直接结束）
max-requests = 5000 #为每个工作进程设置请求数的上限。当一个工作进程处理的请求数达到这个值，那么该工作进程就会被回收重用（重启）。你可以使用这个选项来默默地对抗内存泄漏
limit-as = 256 #通过使用POSIX/UNIX的setrlimit()函数来限制每个uWSGI进程的虚拟内存使用数。这个配置会限制uWSGI的进程占用虚拟内存不超过256M。如果虚拟内存已经达到256M，并继续申请虚拟内存则会使程序报内存错误，本次的http请求将返回500错误。
harakiri = 60 #一个请求花费的时间超过了这个harakiri超时时间，那么这个请求都会被丢弃，并且当前处理这个请求的工作进程会被回收再利用（即重启）
daemonize= /var/log/myapp_uwsgi.log # 使进程在后台运行，并将日志打到指定的日志文件或者udp服务器




为uwsgi配置多个站点

为了让多个站点共享一个uwsgi服务，必须把uwsgi运行成虚拟站点：去掉“-w myapp”加上”–vhost”：

uwsgi -s :9090 -M -p 4 -t 30 --limit-as 128 -R 10000 -d uwsgi.log --vhost 
然后必须配置virtualenv，virtualenv是Python的一个很有用的虚拟环境工具，这样安装：

apt-get install Python-setuptools  
easy_install virtualenv 
然后设置一个/多个app基准环境：

快速部署Python应用：Nginx+uWSGI配置详解
http://developer.51cto.com/art/201010/229615_all.htm


常见故障



*问题 1
让人摸不着头脑的500 ALLOWED_HOSTS = [u]

好不容易把工程部署的差不多了，是时候开跑了！兴奋的打开浏览器输入域名后，映入眼帘的却是一个大大的服务器异常，而查看日志却发现也只有一行访问记录中间穿插着一个碍眼的500。这场景确实有点让人摸不清方向。

一般说来，我觉得可以从两个方面去理清思路。首先可以考虑检查DEBUG模式是不是False，如果是的话，那看看ALLOWED_HOSTS是否加入了当前的域名，否则一定是500！


*问题 2
再一次yum uwsig  但是 502 

启动脚本添加  
DAEMON_OPTS="--xml /data/www/dj/uwsgi.xml --daemonize /var/log/uwsgi.log --plugin python"



*问题 3 pip 安装软件时 python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 

pip install mysql-python


Collecting mysql-python
  Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/a5/e9/51b544da85a36a68debe7a7091f068d802fc515a3a202652828c73453cad/MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip (108kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 112kB 320kB/s 
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    sh: mysql_config: command not found
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/tmp/pip-build-mLu8Lc/mysql-python/setup.py", line 17, in <module>
        metadata, options = get_config()
      File "setup_posix.py", line 43, in get_config
        libs = mysql_config("libs_r")
      File "setup_posix.py", line 25, in mysql_config
        raise EnvironmentError("%s not found" % (mysql_config.path,))
    EnvironmentError: mysql_config not found
    
    ----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-mLu8Lc/mysql-python/

 pip install --upgrade setuptools



On CentOS 6.5, the short answer from a clean install is:

yum -y install python-pip
pip install -U pip
pip install -U setuptools
pip install -U setuptools



* pip install uwsgi 

ypto -lxml2 -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl -lutil -lm -lpython2.6 -lcrypt
    core/routing.o: In function `uwsgi_route_condition_regexp':
    routing.c:(.text+0x366c): undefined reference to `pcre_free_study'
    routing.c:(.text+0x3690): undefined reference to `pcre_free_study'
    collect2: ld 返回 1
    *** error linking uWSGI ***
    
    ----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-Y9baiW/uwsgi/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-bON4yT-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-Y9baiW/uwsgi/





*问题 4
Mon Apr 24 13:47:42 2017 - --- no python application found, check your startup logs for errors ---
{address space usage: 185823232 bytes/177MB} {rss usage: 5353472 bytes/5MB} [pid: 21738|app: -1|req: -1/2] 119.130.229.219 () {46 vars in 724 bytes} [Mon Apr 24 13:47:42 2017] GET /favicon.ico => generated 21 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 500) 2 headers in 83 bytes (0 switches on core 0)


vim  uwsgi.xml

 <module>dj.uwsgi</module>  改为 
  <module>dj.wsgi</module>   


*问题5  未解决 

Centos下uWSGI安装问题
routing.c:(.text+0x317c): undefined reference to `pcre_free_study'
routing.c:(.text+0x31a0): undefined reference to `pcre_free_study'
collect2: ld 返回 1
-lcrypt
*** error linking uWSGI ***

https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000003912870




参考

五步教你实现使用Nginx+uWSGI+Django方法部署Django程序(上)
http://www.python88.com/topic/101/


Python/WSGI 应用快速入门
http://uwsgi-docs-cn.readthedocs.io/zh_CN/latest/WSGIquickstart.html


https://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/WSGIquickstart.html

uWSGI
http://docs.jinkan.org/docs/flask/deploying/uwsgi.html


FastCGI
http://docs.jinkan.org/docs/flask/deploying/fastcgi.html

欢迎使用 Flask
http://docs.jinkan.org/docs/flask/index.html

nginx uwsgi wsgi django 这些东西究竟是什么关系
http://blog.csdn.net/u014761344/article/details/40146597

uWSGI 服务器的 uwsgi 协议究竟用在何处
https://www.zhihu.com/question/46945479


你应该使用 Nginx + UWSGI、
http://www.admin10000.com/document/2348.html



基于nginx和uWSGI在Ubuntu上部署Django
http://www.jianshu.com/p/e6ff4a28ab5a#

nginx + uwsgi + Django 应用部署
http://tchuairen.blog.51cto.com/3848118/1831281


nignx部署django
http://www.cnblogs.com/forilen/p/4242052.html


　 　
取自“http://wiki.linuxchina.net/index.php?title=Nginx%2Buwsgi%2Bpython2.6_on_centos6&oldid=713”